1801 in France

Incumbents

• The French Consulate

Events

• 9 February – Treaty of Lunéville signed between the French First Republic and the Holy Roman Empire, ending the war with Austria.
• 8 March – Battle of Abukir, second battle of the Egyptian campaign. British victory.
• 18 March – Treaty of Florence signed between France and the Kingdom of Naples.
• 21 March - Treaty of Aranjuez signed between France and Spain.
• 21 March - Battle of Alexandria. British victory.
• 8 July – First Battle of Algeciras Bay. Franco-Spanish victory.
• 12 July – Second Battle of Algeciras Bay. British victory.
• 15 July – Concordat of 1801, agreement signed between France and Pope Pius VII that reaffirms the Roman Catholic Church as the majority church of France and restores some of its civil status.
• 17 August – Siege of Alexandria by the British begins.
• 2 September – Siege of Alexandria ends in British victory.
• 29 September – Treaty of Madrid signed between John VI of Portugal and France.
• September – Metric system obligatory throughout France.
• First census in France.
• Joseph Marie Jacquard develops a loom where the pattern being woven is controlled by punched cards.

Births

• 14 January – Adolphe-Théodore Brongniart, botanist
• 1 February – Émile Littré, lexicographer and philosopher
• 6 February – Laure Cinti-Damoreau, soprano
• 22 February – Marc Girardin, politician and man of letters
• 11 March – Frédéric Berat, poet and songwriter
• 8 April – Eugène Burnouf, orientalist
• 24 April – Marthe Camille Bachasson, Count of Montalivet, statesman and Peer of France
• 30 April – André Giroux, photographer and painter
• 11 May – Henri Labrouste, architect
• 15 May – Joseph Jean Baptiste Xavier Fournet, geologist and metallurgist
• 30 June – Frédéric Bastiat, writer and political economist
• 23 July – Charles Rohault de Fleury, architect
• 28 August – Antoine Augustin Cournot, economist, philosopher and mathematician
• 6 October – Hippolyte Carnot, statesman
• 27 December – Étienne Joseph Louis Garnier-Pagès, politician

Full date unknown

• Jean-Baptiste Honoré Raymond Capefigue, historian and biographer
• Carron du Villards, ophthalmologist
• Éléonore-Louis Godefroi Cavaignac, politician
• Amédée Fauré, painter

Deaths

• 11 January – Charles Eugène Gabriel de La Croix, marquis de Castries, Marshal of France
• 9 February – Armand-Joseph Guffroy, politician
• 12 February – Jean Darcet, chemist and porcelain maker
• 2 March – Charles-Albert Demoustier, writer
• 7 April – Noël François de Wailly, grammarian and lexicographer
• 11 April – Antoine de Rivarol, writer and epigrammatist
• 8 June – Pierre Antoine Monneron, merchant, banker, writer and politician
• 6 July – Pierre Augustin Moncousu, naval officer
• 7 September – Antoine de Sartine, statesman
• 3 October – Philippe Henri, marquis de Ségur, Marshal of France
• 29 November – François Macquard, Napoleonic general
• Honoré Blanc, gunsmith
• David Charpentier de Cossigny, Governor General of Pondicherry, Réunion and Mauritius