Dead zone (gridiron football)
The dead zone is an area on the field of gridiron football where an offense is on their opponent's side of the field, but kicking a field goal would likely be unsuccessful and punting the ball would not dramatically change field position.
The location and size of a football team's dead zone may vary, depending on the effective field goal range of the offensive team's kicker. For instance, at the college level, it can generally exist anywhere from the opponent's 33 to 43-yard line, where a field goal attempt would be between 50 and 60 yards and punting the ball would likely result in a touchback. A team's decision on fourth down in the dead zone whether to punt or attempt a field goal is also dependent on the game score and time remaining. Many teams that find themselves in the dead zone prefer trying to convert a short fourth down rather than risk a missed field goal or punting the ball for minimal gain. However, as field goal kickers in the NFL have become increasingly accurate, the dead zone on an NFL football field has tended to be further back and decreased in size. For instance, as recent as 2013 NFL kickers were successful on 67.13% of their field goal attempts 50 yards or longer.