Euptychiina
The butterfly subtribe Euptychiina is a diverse group within the tribe Satyrini, occurring throughout Central and South America, in addition to a few species known from North America. Euptychiina is a predominantly lowland group, with the exception of one Asian taxon Palaeonympha opalina Butler, 1871 and the Andean genus Forsterinaria Gray, 1973. The taxon was erected by Lee Denmar Miller.
Euptychiina
Despite its members being common, this subtribe has been a challenging subject for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies for many years because of their dull coloration, intraspecific variation, lack of clear morphological characters, and morphological homogeneity. However, with the exception of pioneering work by W. Forster and L. D. Miller, the group received little attention from butterfly researchers until recently due to their typically dull brownish coloration. Currently, 50 genera and over 400 described species are recognized within this subtribe, but the group is estimated to contain over 500 species in 70 genera. The current classification of Euptychiina is based on the Lamas checklist, who retained and reorganized many of the genera erected by Forster. Forster described 33 euptychiine genera that are now widely accepted, but since he erected these genera without testing monophyly and synapomorphies, many of his genera have been recovered as polyphyletic or paraphyletic in recent molecular phylogenetic studies.History of classification
A. Butler was probably the first to propose a systematic classification for many euptychiine taxa, excluding species now in the "Taygetis clade". In his monograph of Euptychia, Butler divided the genus into seven groups. Subsequently, Butler proposed an updated classification for the group and recognized 27 "species groups" within Euptychia sensu Butler. G. Weymer recognized 29 "species group" within Euptychia sensu Butler, in addition to treating Taygetis and Amphidecta in his monograph of Satyridae in the "Macrolepidoptera of the American Faunistic region" by A. Seitz. Based on Weymer 's classification, Forster introduced 33 euptychiine genera and his classification is largely retained in Lamas, a work considered as a vital foundation regarding Neotropical butterfly classification. The recent years have seen an explosion of interest in euptychiine systematics, resulting in many changes in generic classification of the group as well as improvement in our understanding of its species diversity. Although the subtribal name was first introduced by L. D. Miller when he treated Euptychiina as a tribal level taxon "Euptychiini", the genus Euptychia Hübner, 1818 was historically used to place many euptychiine species now no longer classified in that genus, perhaps explaining why the generic name Euptychia was used in a much broader sense to include many other euptychiine species. Consequently, Forster included this name "Euptychia" as part of new generic names he described, a trend also followed when the new generic name Atlanteuptychia was introduced for Euptychia ernestina Weymer, 1911. However, other recently described euptychiine genera do not follow this trend.Biology
There exist detailed early stage biology information for 30 euptychiine species. Larva of euptychiine species often lack body scoli and possessing short head scoli and caudal filaments, but there exist some variation. Hostplant records are known for approximately 100 species, those records are mainly grass and bamboo species, although the genus Euptychia is known to feed on mosses and lycopsids.Generic classification and species
The following genera and species belong to subtribe Euptychina.| genera | species and/or subspecies | images of example species |
| Amiga Nakahara, Willmott & Espeland, 2019 Type species — Papilio arnaca Fabricius, 1776 | A. arnaca
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| Amphidecta Butler, 1867 Type species — Euptychia pignerator Butler, 1867 |
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| Archeuptychia Forster, 1964 Type species — Papilio cluena Drury, 1782 | A. cluena | |
| Argentaria Huertas & Willmott, 2023 Type species — Euptychia itonis Hewitson, 1862 |
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| Atlanteuptychia Freitas, Barbosa & Mielke, 2013Type species — Euptychia ernestina Weymer, 1911 | A. ernestina | |
| Caeruleuptychia Forster, 1964 Type species — Euptychia caerulea Butler, 1867 |
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| Capronnieria Forster, 1964Type species — Satyrus galesus Godart, |
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| Carminda Ebert & Dias, 1998Type species — Satyrus paeon Godart |
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| Cepheuptychia Forster, 1964Type species — Papilio cephus Fabricius, 1775 |
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| Chloreuptychia Forster, 1964Type species — Papilio chloris Cramer, 1778 |
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| Cisandina Nakahara & Espeland, 2022 Type species — |
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| Cissia Doubleday, 1848Type species — Papilio penelope Fabricius, 1775 |
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| Colombeia Viloria, Andrade & Le Crom, 2019 Type species — |
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| Cristalinaia Freitas, Barbosa & Zacca, 2019Type species — Cristalinaia vitoria Mota, Zacca & Freitas, 2019 |
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| Cyllopsis R. Felder, 1869Type species — Neonympha hedemanni R. Felder, 1869 |
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| Deltaya Willmott, Nakahara & Espeland, 2023 Type species — Papilio ocypete Fabricius, |
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| Emeryus Zacca, Casagrande & Mielke, 2020Type species — Papilio ocypete Fabricius, |
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| Erichthodes Forster, 1964Type species — Neonympha antonina C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867 |
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| Euptychia Hübner, 1818Type species — Euptychia mollina Hübner, 1818 |
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| Euptychoides Forster, 1964 Type species — Euptychia saturnus Butler, 1867 |
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| Forsterinaria Gray, 1973 Type species — Satyrus necys Godart, |
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| Godartiana Forster, 1964 Type species — Satyrus byses Godart, |
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Graphita Nakahara, Marín & Barbosa, 2016 Type species — Neonympha griphe C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867 | G. griphe | |
| Harjesia Forster, 1964 Type species — Taygetis blanda Möschler, 1877 |
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| Hermeuptychia Forster, 1964 Type species — Papilio hermes Fabricius, 1775 |
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| Huberonympha Viloria & Costa, 2016 Type species — Huberonympha ''neildi Viloria, Costa, Fratello & Nakahara, 2016 |
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| Inbio Nakahara & Espeland, 2015Type species — Neonympha hilara C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867 |
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| Koutalina Viloria & Murienne, 2021Type species — |
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| Lazulina Willmott, Nakahara & Espeland, 2023Type species — Euptychia hewitsonii Butler, 1867 |
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| Llorenteana Viloria & Luis-Martínez, 2019 Type species — Llorenteana pellonia |
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| Magneuptychia Forster, 1964Type species — Papilio libye Linnaeus, 1767 |
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| Malaveria Viloria & Benmesbah, 2021Type species — |
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| Megeuptychia Forster, 1964 Type species — Papilio antonoe Cramer, 1775 |
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| Megisto Hübner, Type species — Papilio cymela Cramer, 1777 | ||
| Modestia Viloria & Benmesbah, 2021 Type species — |
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| Modica Zacca, Casagrande & Willmott, 2023Type species — Euptychia confusa Staudinger, 1887 |
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| Moneuptychia Forster, 1964 Type species — Euptychia soter Butler, 1877 |
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| Neonympha Hübner, 1818Type species — Papilio areolatus Smith, 1797 |
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| Nhambikuara Freitas, Barbosa & Zacca, 2018 Type species — Nhambikuara cerradensis Freitas, Barbosa & Zacca, 2018 |
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| Occulta Nakahara & Willmott, 2023Type species — Euptychia ocnus Butler, 1867 |
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| Omacha Andrade, Viloria, Henao & Le Crom, 2019 | ||
| Optimandes Marín, Nakahara & Willmott, 2019Type species — |
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| Orotaygetis Nakahara & Zacca, 2018Type species — Orotaygetis surui Nakahara, Zacca & Lamas, 2018 | O. surui Nakahara, Zacca & Lamas, 2018 | |
| Paleonympha Butler, 1871 Type species — Paleonympha opalina Butler, 1871 | P. opalina Butler, 1871| | |
| Paramacera Butler, 1868 Type species — Neonympha xicaque Reakirt, |
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| Parataygetis Forster, 1964 Type species — Euptychia albinota Butler, 1867 |
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| Pareuptychia Forster, 1964Type species — Pareuptychia hesionides Forster, 1964 |
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| Paryphthimoides Forster, 1964 Type species — Neonympha polytis Prittwitz, 1865 |
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| Pharneuptychia Forster, 1964Type species — Satyrus phares Godart, |
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| Pindis R. Felder, 1869Type species — Pindis squamistriga R. Felder, 1869 | P. squamistriga R. Felder, 1869 | |
| Posttaygetis Forster, 1964 Type species — Papilio penelea Cramer, 1777 | P. penelea | |
| Prenda Freitas & Mielke, 2011 Type species — Prenda clarissa Freitas & Mielke, 2011 | P. clarissa Freitas & Mielke, 2011 | |
| Pseudeuptychia Forster, 1964 Type species — Euptychia languida Butler, 1867 |
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| Pseudodebis Forster, 1964 Type species — Papilio valentina Cramer, 1779 |
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| Rareuptychia Forster, 1964 Type species — Euptychia clio Weymer, 1911 | R. clio | |
| Satyrotaygetis Forster, 1964 Type species — Taygetis satyrina Bates, 1865 |
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| Saurona Huertas & Willmott, 2023 Type species — Euptychia aurigera var. triangula Aurivillius, 1929, | S. aurigera S. triangula | |
| Scriptor Nakhara & Espeland, 2020 Type species — |
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| Sepona Freitas & Barbosa, 2016Type species — Euptychia punctata Weymer, 1911 | S. punctata | |
| Splendeuptychia Forster, 1964 Type species — Euptychia ashna Hewitson, 1869 |
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| Stegosatyrus Zacca, Mielke & Pyrcz, 2013Type species — Satyrus periphas Godart, |
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| Stephenympha Viloria, 2022Type species — |
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| Stevenaria Viloria, Costa, Neild & Nakahara, 2016Type species — Stevenaria yutajensis Viloria & Costa, 2016 |
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| Taguaiba Freitas, Zacca & Siewert, 2023Type species — Taygetis drogoni Siewert, Zacca et al., 2013 | ||
| Taydebis Freitas, 2003Type species — Euptychia peculiaris Butler, 1874 |
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| Taygetina Forster, 1964Type species — Taygetis banghaasi Weymer, 1910 |
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| Taygetis Hübner, Type species — Papilio mermera Cramer, 1776 |
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| Trico Nakahara & Espeland, 2023 Type species — Euptychia tricolor' Hewitson, 1850 |
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| Vanima Zacca, Casagrande & Mielke, 2020Type species — |
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| Vareuptychia Forster, 1964Type species — |
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| Xenovena Marín & Nakahara, 2023Type species — Magneuptychia murrayae Brévignon, 2005 |
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| Yphthimoides Forster, 1964Type species — Neonympha yphthima C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867 |
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| Zischkaia Forster, 1964Type species — Euptychia amalda Weymer, 1911 |
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| Incertae sedis | Species in need of new genus assignment:
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