Ethotoin


Ethotoin is an anticonvulsant drug used in the treatment of epilepsy. It is a hydantoin, similar to phenytoin. It is not available in the United States.

Mechanism of action

The mechanism of action of ethotoin is similar to that of phenytoin.

Approval history

Ethotoin is indicated for tonic-clonic and partial complex seizures.

Dosing

Ethotoin is available in 250 mg tablets. It is taken orally in 4 to 6 divided doses per day, preferably after food.

Side effects

Side effects include ataxia, visual disturbances, rash, and gastrointestinal problems.

Chemistry

Ethotoin is synthesized by the reaction of benzaldehyde oxynitrile with urea or ammonium bicarbonate, which forms an intermediate urea derivative which on acidic conditions cyclizes to 5-phenylhydantoin. Alkylation of this product using ethyl iodide leads to the formation
of ethotoin.