Ernst Klenk


Ernst Klenk was a German biochemist, known as a pioneer in research on biolipids, their metabolism, and diseases caused by biolipid disorders.

Biography

Klenk's father had a farm and a brewery in the Black Forest. However, Klenk did not want to take over his father's brewery and went to secondary school in Tübingen. After serving in WW I as a soldier from 1914 to January 1919, he studied chemistry at the University of Tübingen. At the University of Tübingen's Institut für Physiologische Chemie he in 1923, under the supervision of Percy Brigl, received his Promotion as Dr. rer. nat.; the doctoral dissertation is titled Verhalten von Dipeptiden und Elastin zu Phtalsäureanhydrid. At the Institut für Physiologische Chemie Klenk was in 1923 appointed to the position of second assistant to the biochemist Hans Thierfelder and in 1926 completed his habilitation and was then appointed a Privatdozent. In 1930 he was appointed a professor extraordinaries in the chair of physiological chemistry at the Institut für Physiologische Chemie, which was directed by Franz Knoop after the death of Thierfelder. Klenk joined in 1933 the Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei and in 1934 the Sturmabteilung. After WW II there was controversy about human tissue samples used by him and other German researchers, such as Berthold Ostertag and Franz Seitelberger, and by the American physician and neuropathologist Webb Edward Haymaker.
Klenk refused an offer from the University of Marburg to become the successor in the professorial chair vacated by Friedrich Kutscher and in 1936 was appointed a professor ordinarius at the University of Cologne. He established the University of Cologne's Institute for Physiological Chemistry of the Medical Faculty and headed the institute from 1937 to 1967. After WW II he was in charge of rebuilding the destroyed institute, which had been evacuated to Marburg in 1944. From 1947 to 1948 Klenk was from 1947 to 1948 of the medical faculty and from 1961 to 1962 the rector of the University of Cologne. In the early 1960s he was one of the founders of the University of Bochum. At the University of Cologne he retired as professor emeritus in 1965.
Klenk did research on phospholipids, glycolipids, cerebrosides, glucocerebrosides, sphingosines, sphingolipids, glycosphingolipids, gangliosides, plasmalogens, and polyene fatty acids. By elucidating the structure of the glucocerebrosides, he pioneered the field of lipidoses. His research helped to establish the cause of Niemann-Pick’s lipidosis as the storage of large amounts of sphingomyelin in the brain, liver and spleen. He found that cerebroside accumulated in Gaucher's disease. In 1935 Klenk discovered a new group of glycosphingolipids in the nervous tissue, which he called gangliosides.
Klenk discovered that N-acetylneuraminic acid is a characteristic of glycoproteins that are cell receptors for some. He was a member of the editorial board of Hoppe-Seylers Zeitschrift für Physiologische Chemie.
Klenk was made Doctor mediciniae honoris causa in 1948 by the University of Cologne. He received in 1953 the Normann Medaille from the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Fettforschung and in 1958 was elected a member of the Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. He received the American Oil Chemists' Society Award in 1958 and again in 1965. Klenk received in 1964 the inaugural Heinrich-Wieland-Preis, in 1966 inaugural the Stouffer Prize, and, posthumously, in 1972 the Otto-Warburg-Medaille.
He was since 1937 married to Grete Aldinger. They had three sons, Hans-Dieter Klenk, Fritz Klenk, and Wolfgang Klenk.

Selected publications

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