Ephemerovirus
Ephemerovirus is a genus of viruses in the family Rhabdoviridae, order Mononegavirales. Cattle and mosquitoes serve as natural hosts. Diseases associated with viruses in this genus include: sudden fever.
Structure
Ephemeroviruses are enveloped and have a bullet-shaped geometry. The virions are about 75 nm wide and 180 nm long.
Genome
Ephemerovirus genomes are linear, monopartite, and around 14.6–14.8 kb in length. The genome codes for five to nine proteins.
Life cycle
Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral G glycoproteins to host receptors, which mediates clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Replication follows the negative stranded RNA virus replication model. Negative stranded RNA virus transcription, using polymerase stuttering is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by budding, and tubule-guided viral movement. Cattle and mosquitos serve as the natural host. The virus is transmitted by mosquito bites.
Taxonomy
The genus contains the following species, listed by scientific name and followed by the exemplar virus of the species:Ephemerovirus adelaide, Adelaide [River virus]Ephemerovirus berrimah, Berrimah virusEphemerovirus febris, Bovine [ephemeral fever virus]Ephemerovirus guangdong, Porcine ephemerovirus 2Ephemerovirus hayes, Hayes virusEphemerovirus henan, Porcine ephemerovirus 1Ephemerovirus kent, New [Kent County virus]Ephemerovirus kimberley, Kimberley virusEphemerovirus koolpinyah, Koolpinyah virusEphemerovirus kotonkan, Kotonkan virusEphemerovirus obodhiang, Obodhiang virusEphemerovirus puchong, Puchong virusEphemerovirus yata, Yata virus