List of endemic birds of Hawaii
There are 71 known taxa of birds endemic to the Hawaiian Islands, of which 30 are extinct, 6 possibly extinct and 30 of the remaining 48 species and subspecies are listed as endangered or threatened by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. In the era following western contact, habitat loss and avian disease are thought to have had the greatest effect on endemic bird species in Hawaii, although native peoples are implicated in the loss of dozens of species before the arrival of Captain Cook and others, in large part due to the arrival of the Polynesian rat which came along with the first Polynesians.
List of species
The following is a list of bird species and subspecies endemic to the Hawaiian Islands:[Procellariidae]
- Hawaiian petrel or uau, Pterodroma sandwichensis
- Newell's shearwater or ao, Puffinus newelli
- Bryan's shearwater, Puffinus bryani
- Bonin petrel, Pterodroma hypoleuca 99% of the total population breeds on the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
[Anatidae]
- Hawaiian goose or nēnē, Branta sandvicensis
- Hawaiian duck or koloa maoli, Anas wyvilliana
- Laysan duck, ''Anas laysanensis''
[Diomedeidae]
- Laysan albatross, Phoebastria immutabilis 99.7% of the total population breeds on the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
- Black-footed albatross, Phoebastria nigripes 97.5% of the total population breeds on the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
[Accipitridae]
- Hawaiian hawk or io, ''Buteo solitarius''
[Rallidae]
- Laysan rail, Porzana palmeri †
- Hawaiian rail or moho, Porzana sandwichensis †
- Hawaiian gallinule or alae ula, Gallinula chloropus sandwichensis
- Hawaiian coot or alae keokeo, ''Fulica alai''
[Recurvirostridae]
- Hawaiian stilt or aeo, ''Himantopus mexicanus knudseni''
[Laridae]
- Hawaiian black noddy or noio, ''Anous minutus melanogenys''
[Strigidae]
- Pueo, ''Asio flammeus sandwichensis''
[Mohoidae]
- Kauai ōō, Moho braccatus †
- Oahu ōō, Moho apicalis †
- Bishop's ōō, Moho bishopi †
- Hawaii ōō, Moho nobilis †
- Kioea, Chaetoptila angustipluma †
[Corvidae]
- Hawaiian crow or alala, ''Corvus hawaiiensis''
[Monarchidae]
- Kauai elepaio, Chasiempis sclateri
- Oahu elepaio, Chasiempis ibidis
- Hawaii elepaio, ''Chasiempis sandwichensis''
[Sylviidae]
- Laysan millerbird, Acrocephalus familaris familaris †
- Nihoa millerbird, ''Acrocephalus familaris kingi''