Enéas Carneiro
Enéas Ferreira Carneiro was a Brazilian polymath, cardiologist, physicist, mathematician, professor, writer, military serviceman and politician. He represented the state of São Paulo in the National Chamber of Deputies and ran for presidency three times. He was founder and leader of the nationalist and conservative Party of the Reconstruction of the National Order, which was usually seen as being far-right. Although Enéas rejected the left-right dichotomy, as they were "sides of the same coin", defining himself only as a nationalist.
Early life
Enéas was born and raised in Acre, in Brazil's far west. He lost his father at the age of nine and had to work to support his brothers and his mother. In 1958 he left Acre to begin studies in Rio de Janeiro, graduating in physics and mathematics. In 1959 he became an auxiliary anesthesiologist. In 1965 he received a medical degree from the Rio de Janeiro College of Medicine, with a specialty in cardiology. His academic pursuits, however, were not confined to medicine, and he has written articles on diverse subjects, including philosophy, logic and robotics. In 1980, he received a medical degree from the Cancer Hospital of Rio de Janeiro.Political career
In 1989, he established PRONA. In that same year, he ran for the presidency in Brazil's first direct elections after the end of military rule. Under the electoral laws, every candidate was given a daily amount of free airtime to set out their agenda. Because airtime was proportional to the candidate's party's size, PRONA received roughly 15 seconds of airtime per TV appearance. Nevertheless, he made the most of the opportunity. His exotic image—he was a small, bald man with a large beard and thick "coke-bottle" glasses—drew attention, as did his inflamed speech. In what would become his trademark, he finished it with the catchphrase "meu nome é Enéas" —perhaps as gesture of humility or informality, or perhaps a way to save time. The previously unknown candidate placed 12th out of 21 candidates.He returned in 1994, making use then of 1 minute and 17 seconds. Surprising political experts, he finished ahead of various established politicians, such as the then-governor of Rio de Janeiro, the former governor of São Paulo, and the then-governor of Santa Catarina, with more than 4.6 million votes.
In 1998, Enéas got 35 seconds – less, in total airtime, than what he had in 1989 – to deliver a speech that was more nationalistic than ever. Its ideas, such as the construction of an atomic bomb, nationalization of Brazil's mineral resources, and an increase in the military budget, sparked controversy. According to him, with such an apparatus, Brazil could advance its interests at the UN and in other international treaties.
His project focused basically on education, believing that only a strong, interventionist, and technical State would solve Brazil's problems. Although many may label him an authoritarian, his political approach is similar to that of social democracy, as in Sweden and Finland, for example, where the State is extremely important.
In 2000, he ran for mayor of the city of São Paulo, with no success, but he still managed to gain votes for the election of his councilman candidate, Havanir Nimtz.
In 2002, he ran for a seat as a federal deputy representing São Paulo and secured the most votes ever for that office. His party won enough votes under the proportional representation system to elect five more deputies.
Enéas also actively participated in the 2004 elections for mayors and council members, helping to choose council members in major cities such as Rio and São Paulo, and mayors in small cities.
In 2006, he was elected again as a federal deputy for São Paulo, this time with the third-highest vote in the state.
Praise and criticism
Many saw Enéas as an exotic politician because of his direct criticism to Brazilians fraudulent politicians behavior. Enéas believed that by acting on TV what he called "the rage of the common citizen" would wake up Brazilian people against corrupt politicians.Death
Enéas underwent chemotherapy in a hospital for myeloid leukemia. When it became clear that his treatment was not resulting in improvements, he decided to return home, where he remained until his death. Enéas died on May 6, 2007, at approximately 2 pm, in the Laranjeiras neighborhood of southern Rio de Janeiro. His remains were cremated and his ashes scattered over the Bay of Guanabara.After his death, on May 8, 2007, Enéas was honored in a rally against abortion in Brasília, on May 8, 2007. According to the Party of the Republic, the politician was one of the organizers of the event.
In 2017, then-deputy and later President of Brazil Jair Bolsonaro proposed a bill to include Enéas' name in the Book of National Heroes.