Emperor of Mexico
The Emperor of Mexico was the head of state and head of government
of Mexico on two non-consecutive occasions during the 19th century.
With the Declaration of [Independence |Mexican Declaration of Independence] from Spain in 1821, Mexico briefly became an independent monarchy – the First Mexican Empire. For a few years in the mid-1860s, Mexico reverted to being a monarchy – the Second Mexican Empire. In both instances, the reigning emperor was forcibly deposed and then executed.
First Mexican Empire (1821–1823)
| Portrait | Coat of arms | Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | House |
| Agustín [de Iturbide|Agustín I] | 27 September 1783 – 19 July 1824 | 19 May 1822 | 19 March 1823 | Iturbide |
Decree
The Sovereign Mexican Constituent Congress decreed on June 22, 1822 the following:Second Mexican Empire (1863–1867)
| Portrait | Coat of arms | Name | Lifespan | Emperor from | Emperor until | House |
| Maximilian I | 6 July 1832 – 19 June 1867 | 10 April 1864 | 19 June 1867 | Habsburg-Lorraine |