Eltoprazine
Eltoprazine is a non-selective serotonin receptor modulator of the phenylpiperazine family which was under development for the treatment of aggression, attention [deficit hyperactivity disorder], cognition disorders, drug-induced dyskinesia, and psychotic disorders but was never marketed. It has been described as a "serenic" or antiaggressive agent. The drug is taken orally.
It acts as an agonist of the serotonin 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors and as an antagonist of the serotonin 5-HT2C receptor. The drug also shows weaker affinity for certain other serotonin receptors and targets. The pharmacokinetics of eltoprazine have been studied. Eltoprazine is closely related to fluprazine and batoprazine, which are similarly acting agents, and is also a known chemical precursor to S-15535 and lecozotan.
Eltoprazine was first described in the scientific literature by 1987. It was originated by Solvay and was developed by Elto Pharma, PsychoGenics, and Solvay. The drug is or was under development for the treatment of aggression, ADHD, cognitive disorders, and drug-induced dyskinesia, but no recent development has been reported for these indications as of 2022. It was also under development for the treatment of psychotic disorders, but development for this indication was discontinued. Eltoprazine reached phase 2 or 3 clinical trials. According to David Nutt, eltoprazine showed shown signs of effectiveness in the treatment of aggression but was rejected for marketing authorization on the basis of aggression being a symptom rather than a disorder.