Vineland, New Jersey


Vineland is a city and the most populous municipality in Cumberland County, within the U.S. state of New Jersey. Bridgeton and Vineland are the two principal cities of the Vineland-Bridgeton metropolitan statistical area, which encompasses those cities and all of Cumberland County for statistical purposes and which constitutes a part of the Delaware Valley. The MSA had a population of 156,898 as of the 2010 census. As of the 2020 United States census, the city's population was 60,780, its highest decennial count ever and an increase of 56 from the 60,724 recorded at the 2010 census, which in turn reflected an increase of 4,453 from the 56,271 counted in the 2000 census. The Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program calculated that the city's population was 60,491 in 2022, ranking the city the 639th-most-populous in the country.
Vineland was incorporated on July 1, 1952, following the merger of Landis Township and Vineland Borough, which was approved by voters in a referendum held on February 5, 1952. Celebrations marking the merger included a parade and speeches by prominent figures, among them U.S. Senator Estes Kefauver. The city’s name reflects the intentions of its founder, who planned to use the land for grape cultivation.
Geographically, Vineland is located in South Jersey. It has large Italian-American and Hispanic-American populations.
WWW vinelandcity.org

History

Charles K. Landis purchased of land in 1861 and an additional in 1874, near Millville, along the West Jersey and Seashore Railroad line, which provided service between Camden and Cape May. He intended to establish an alcohol-free, utopian community based on agriculture and progressive ideals. The first houses were constructed in 1862, and rail service connected the settlement to Philadelphia and New York City. The population reached approximately 5,500 by 1865 and grew to 11,000 by 1875.
Vineland was an early temperance town in which the sale of alcohol was prohibited. Landis required land purchasers to build a house on their property within one year of acquisition, to clear and cultivate of the often heavily wooded land each year, and to leave adequate space between houses and roads for the planting of flowers and shade trees along the town’s thoroughfares. Landis Avenue was constructed as a wide and approximately long road running east–west through the center of the community, with narrower streets intersecting it at right angles.
After determining that the soil in Vineland was well suited for grape cultivation, Charles K. Landis began advertising to attract Italian grape growers to the area. He offered land, on the condition that it be cleared and planted with grapevines. Thomas Bramwell Welch, founder of Welch's Grape Juice, purchased locally grown grapes to produce what he described as “unfermented wine,” or grape juice. The area’s sandy soil also supported the glassmaking industry and attracted companies such as Progresso Soup. During the first half of the 20th century, much of the city’s economy was centered on poultry farming, earning Vineland the nickname "The Egg Basket of America."
Vineland Poultry Laboratories was founded by Arthur Goldhaft. Goldhaft is credited with helping to popularize the phrase “a chicken in every pot” through his development of a fowl pox vaccine that saved millions of chickens from death. His work at Vineland Poultry Laboratories in Vineland contributed significantly to protecting the global poultry supply from fowlpox. The facility’s operations were closed by Lohmann Animal Health in 2007.
Vineland was home to New Jersey’s first school for people with intellectual disabilities, the Vineland Developmental Center, which now operates east and west campuses. The institution housed women with intellectual disabilities in fully staffed cottages. Henry H. Goddard, an American psychologist, coined the term "Moron" while serving as director of the Research Laboratory at the Training School for Backward and Feeble-minded Children in Vineland. The facility was well known enough that a 1955 pamphlet published by the American Prison Association described Vineland as "famous for its contributions to our knowledge of the feebleminded".
Vineland celebrated its 150th birthday in 2011. Mayor Robert Romano initially ordered a custom cake from Buddy Valastro of Carlo's Bake Shop in Hoboken; the business is featured in the TLC reality television series Cake Boss. After outcry from local business owners, the order was canceled and five Vineland bakeries donated elaborate cakes for the event as well as over 1,000 servings of cake for the celebration.
Since the 1970s, the city has held an annual dandelion festival. Introduced to the area by early Italian immigrants, dandelion greens are cultivated as a crop by farms in and around Vineland.
Barbara Kingsolver's 2018 novel Unsheltered is set in Vineland.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city had a total area of 68.99 square miles, including 68.39 square miles of land and 0.60 square miles of water. Of all the municipalities in New Jersey to hold the type of City, Vineland is the largest in total area.
Unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the city include Clayville, Hances Bridge, Leamings Mill, Menantico, North Vineland, Parvins Branch, South Vineland, Willow Grove and Pleasantville. That last community is not to be confused with the City of Pleasantville in Atlantic County.
Vineland borders the municipalities of Deerfield Township, Millville and Maurice River Township in Cumberland County; Buena and Buena Vista Township in Atlantic County; Franklin Township and Newfield Boro in Gloucester County; and Pittsgrove Township in Salem County. The city is approximately from the Atlantic Ocean.

Demographics

2020 census

As of the 2020 United States census, Vineland had a population of 60,780, representing a slight increase of 56 from the 60,724 recorded in the 2010 census.
The population density was approximately 887.5 persons per square mile.
In terms of racial and ethnic composition: about 38.9 % of the population identified as White, 12.2 % as Black or African American, 2.1 % as Asian, 0.7 % as Native American / other races, and 2.8 % as two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised approximately 43.3 % of the total population.
The age distribution was: 0–17 years: 14,206; 18–64 years: 35,955; 65 years and older: 10,619.

Recent estimates (2023)

According to the 2023 American Community Survey, the estimated population was 60,692.
The median age was about 38.8 years.
The median household income was approximately US\$65,854 and the estimated poverty rate was about 13.9 %.
Approximately 12.5 % of the population were foreign-born.

Housing & households

According to recent estimates, there were 21,945 households with an average of 2.7 persons per household.
The median value of owner-occupied housing units was approximately US\$218,200.

Education & workforce

About 80.7 % of residents aged 25 years and older had at least a high school diploma and approximately 23.4 % had a bachelor’s degree or higher.
For workers living in Vineland the average commute time was about 24 minutes.

Note on comparability

Some estimates are from the American Community Survey 5-year averages and thus are subject to sampling error; comparisons with 100 % data from the 2020 decennial census should be made with caution.

Economy

Portions of the city are part of a joint Urban Enterprise Zone with Millville, one of 32 zones covering 37 municipalities statewide. Millville was selected in 1983 as one of the initial group of 10 zones chosen to participate in the program. In addition to other benefits to encourage employment and investment within the Zone, shoppers can take advantage of a reduced 3.3125% sales tax rate at eligible merchants. Established in October 1988, the city's Urban Enterprise Zone status expires in December 2023.
The main street in Vineland is Landis Avenue. The traditional downtown area is located several blocks east and west of the intersection of Landis Avenue and the Boulevard. The Boulevard is a pair of roads that flank the main north–south railroad, which connected Vineland with Cape May to the south and Camden/Philadelphia to the north. After many years of decline, there has been much recent activity to restore the vitality of "The Avenue" and the center city area. New construction includes a new transportation center, courthouse, post office, elementary school / community center and sidewalk upgrades. In 2005, Vineland was designated a Main Street Community and, through the work of this group, money has been earmarked to continue this improvement through property and facade improvements, business retention and marketing.

Government

Local government

The City of Vineland is governed within the Faulkner Act, formally known as the Optional Municipal Charter Law, under the Mayor-Council, implemented based on the recommendations of a Charter Study Commission as of July 1, 1952, months after the city's formation. The city is one of 71 municipalities statewide that use this form of government. The governing body is a mayor, serving as the city's chief executive, and a five-member city council, serving as the city's legislature. The mayor and council are elected at-large to serve concurrent four-year terms of office in non-partisan elections held in leap years as part of the November general election. An ordinance passed by the council in 2011 shifted elections from May to November, effectively extending the term of those members serving at the time by six months.
, the mayor of Vineland is Anthony Fanucci who is in his third term, which ends December 31, 2028. Members of the Vineland city council are Council President Paul Spinelli, Council Vice President Cruz Gomez, Elizabeth Arthur, Scott English and Albert Vargas, all serving concurrent terms of office ending December31, 2028.
In November 2019, the city council appointed Elizabeth Arthur to fill the seat vacated by Angela Calakos following her resignation after announcing that she was moving out of the city. Arthur served on an interim basis until the November 2019 general election, when she was elected to serve the balance of the term office.
In January 2013, Ruben Bermudez took office as the city's first Hispanic mayor.

Federal, state and county representation

Vineland is located in the 2nd Congressional District and is part of New Jersey's 1st state legislative district.

Politics

As of March 2011, there were a total of 37,583 registered voters in Vineland, of which 10,388 were registered as Democrats, 6,109 were registered as Republicans and 21,059 were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 27 voters registered to other parties.

Education

Primary and secondary

The Vineland Public Schools serves students in public school for pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade. The district is one of 31 former Abbott districts statewide that were established pursuant to the decision by the New Jersey Supreme Court in Abbott v. Burke which are now referred to as "SDA Districts" based on the requirement for the state to cover all costs for school building and renovation projects in these districts under the supervision of the New Jersey Schools Development Authority. As of the 2020–21 school year, the district, comprised of 14 schools, had an enrollment of 10,266 students and 731.9 classroom teachers, for a student–teacher ratio of 14.0:1. Schools in the district are
Casimer M. Dallago Jr. Preschool Center / IMPACT,
Dane Barse Elementary School,
Solve D'Ippolito Elementary School,
Marie Durand School,
Edward Johnstone School,
Dr. William Mennies Elementary School,
Pauline J. Petway Elementary School,
Anthony Rossi Elementary School,
Gloria M. Sabater Elementary School,
Dr. John H. Winslow Elementary School,
Sgt. Dominick Pilla Middle School,
Veterans Memorial Middle School,
Thomas W. Wallace Jr. Middle School,
Cunningham Academy for students with "personal or academic challenges that prevent them from reaching their full potential" and
Vineland High School.
Students are also eligible to attend Cumberland County Technical Education Center in Millville, serving students from the entire county in its full-time technical training programs, which are offered without charge to students who are county residents. The school relocated starting in the 2016–17 school year to a campus in Vineland constructed at a cost of $70 million and located next to Cumberland County College. The school initiated a new full-time high school program that included 240 students who will be part of the initial graduating class of 2020.
Cumberland Christian School is a private coeducational day school located in Vineland, serving students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade. The school, founded in 1946 as Vineland Christian School, has a total enrollment of over 1,000 students.
The city is home to two Catholic elementary schools, Bishop Schad Regional School and St. Mary Regional School. Both schools operate under the supervision of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Camden. Bishop Schad formed in 2007 from the merger of Sacred Heart Regional School and St. Francis of Assisi, using the Sacred Heart site. Sacred Heart High School served grades 9–12 from 1927 until its closure by the Camden Diocese in June 2013 due to declining enrollment. St. Joseph High School in Hammonton was the closest Catholic high school. However that school closed in 2020.
The Ellison School was a private, nonsectarian coeducational Pre-K–8 day school located on South Spring Road in Vineland. The school was founded in 1959 as a grade 1–3 school, and moved to its Vineland site in 1968. By 2016, enrollment had dropped to the point where closure was considered. By late 2019 the school had 11 instructors, three assistants to the instructors, and 76 students. Ellison closed in December 2019. 25 of the students moved to the Pre-K–8 Christian school Edgarton Christian Academy, then in Newfield, which planned to move to Buena.

College

Rowan College of South Jersey Cumberland Campus is partially in the Vineland city limits with the other portion in Millville.

Library

Vineland Public Library is the city's public library.

Points of interest

  • The Delsea Drive-In, located on Route 47 north of County Route 552, was for years the only remaining drive-in theater in the state of New Jersey, the state in which they were first created in 1932 in Camden. Today New Jersey is home to one drive-in theatre,the Delsea Drive-In Theatre.
  • The Palace of Depression was built by the mustachioed eccentric George Daynor, a former Alaska gold miner who lost his fortune in the Wall Street Crash of 1929; the house was known as "The Strangest House in the World" or the "Home of Junk", and was built as a testament of willpower against the effects of the Great Depression. a full restoration, undertaken by The Palace of Depression Restoration Association, is ongoing.
  • The Landis MarketPlace opened in 2011 as a two-level indoor public market and would go on to include several vendors on the upper level. In July 2015, the Amish vendors on the lower level departed and the market was purchased by the city the following month. Spataro's Pizza was the sole remaining tenant.
  • The Vineland Historical and Antiquarian Society, a museum and research library that has been in operation since 1910 and holds a large collection exhibiting the city's history.
  • In 2009, as much as $25 million in grants from the Economic Stimulus Act of 2008 were allocated to help with the cleanup of the Vineland Chemical Company site. The company's owners had paid $3 million towards the cleanup of soil and water at the site polluted with arsenic and other toxic materials, though the United States Environmental Protection Agency has spent more than $120 million to remediate the Superfund site.

Media

Clear Communications owns two locally licensed radio stations; WVLT and WMIZ, with WPOV-LP owned by the local branch of Calvary Chapel. Vineland is also the city of license for WUVP-DT, Philadelphia's Univision station, which has studios in Franklin Township and their news operation and transmitter based in Philadelphia proper.

Transportation

Roads and highways

, the city had a total of of roadways, of which were maintained by the municipality, by Cumberland County and by the New Jersey Department of Transportation and by the New Jersey Turnpike Authority.
Route 47 runs almost north-south in the western quarter of the city, connecting Millville in the south to Franklin Township in Gloucester County at the city's northern tip. Route 55 enters the city from Millville for, heads back into Millville and re-enters Vineland, running along the western border for and heads north into Pittsgrove Township in Salem County. Route 56 heads across the city from Pittsgrove Township to its eastern terminus at Route 47.
County Route 540 enters from the west in Pittsgrove Township and continues for to Buena Vista Township in Atlantic County, on the city's eastern border. County Route 552 enters from Deerfield Township in the city's southwest corner and continues for into Maurice River Township. County Route 555 enters from Millville extending for into Franklin Township.

Public transportation

NJ Transit provides bus transportation on the 313 route between Cape May and Philadelphia, on the 408 route between Millville and Philadelphia and on the 553 route between Upper Deerfield Township and Atlantic City.
Two general aviation airports are located nearby. Vineland-Downstown Airport is located northeast of the central business district and Kroelinger Airport, north.

Parks and recreation

The Cumberland Cape Atlantic YMCA is in Vineland. The corporate name was changed from Vineland YMCA, as the board of directors decided to expand the organization's service area to include Atlantic and Cape May counties. There was a previous YMCA building in Millville that stopped operations in August 1990. In late 1997, Millville Housing Authority purchased the building, which opened as the Holly City Development Corp. Family Center in 2001.

Notable people

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Vineland include: