Dutch University Libraries and National Library
UKB refers to the association of thirteen Dutch university libraries and Royal Library of the Netherlands. Furthermore, associate members are Royal [Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences], the Open [University of the Netherlands|Open Universiteit], Dutch Research Council, and the Dutch Werkgroep Speciale Wetenschappelijke Bibliotheken. UKB was founded in 1979 to improve the scientific information structure and knowledge cooperation between academic libraries in the Netherlands and internationally.
The collaborating libraries could effect synergetic efficiency gains by, e.g., collective licensing negotiations with international publishers.