Drink offering
The drink offering was a form of libation forming one of the sacrifices and offerings of the Law of Moses.
Etymology
The Hebrew noun nesekh is formed from the Qal form of the verb nasakh, "to pour," hence "thing poured." The verb and the noun frequently come together, such as nasakh nesekh, literally "pour a poured thing" as in the only pre-Exodus use, that of Jacob's libation at a pillar in Genesis 35:14. The etymology "poured thing" explains the existence of the rarer secondary use of the verb nasakh for "cast", and the noun nesekh for a "thing poured".Hebrew Bible
The drink offering accompanied various sacrifices and offerings on various feast days. Usually the offering was of wine, but in one instance also of "strong drink". This "strong drink" is not identified.Mishnaic tradition
The Mishnah mentions the places in the Land of Israel and in Transjordan where the finest of the grains, olive harvest and vintage wines were taken as an offertory to the Temple in Jerusalem. Among wine libations, the finest wine was said to have come from Keruthin and Hattulim, this latter place now tentatively identified by historical geographer Samuel Klein with the ruin directly west of Sha'ar Hagai called Kh. Khâtûleh, now known locally as Giv'at Ḥatul. Second in rank to this place was Beit Rima and Beit Luban, both places identified in Samaria. The wine from any country was valid, but they used to bring it only from these places. The drink offerings were poured out near the altar on the Temple Mount, where they fell down into a subterraneous cavern, in fulfillment of the Scripture : "In the Holy Place you shall pour out a drink offering of strong drink to the Lord."In the Temple at Jerusalem, they were not permitted to bring wine that had been sweetened or smoked or cooked and if they did so it was invalid. By a rabbinic injunction, an unsealed flagon of wine prepared by an Israelite, but which had been kept under watch or in store by a heathen, is considered a forbidden libation, which must be discarded. The kashrut requirements for wine are designed to prevent the accidental or intentional use of wine previously dedicated or blessed for idolatrous use. However, an unsealed flagon of wine that had been cooked or of conditum, since both are unfit for the altar, even though they had been watched or kept in store by a heathen, can still be consumed by an Israelite.