Zhoukoudian


Zhoukoudian Town is a town on the east Fangshan District, Beijing, China. It borders Nanjiao and Fozizhuang Townships to its north, Xiangyang, Chengguan and Yingfeng Subdistricts to its east, Shilou and Hancunhe Towns to its south, and Xiayunling Town to its west. Its population was 41,868 in the 2020 census.

History

YearStatus
1916Part of the 2nd District of Fangshan County
1949Part of the 7th District
1952Formed as Zhoukoudian Microdistrict, under Jingxi Mining District
1953Made into a township
1956Incorporated Zhoukoucun Township
1958Incorporated Xizhuang and Xinjie Townships. Became part of Chengguan People's Commune in May.
1961Chengguan People's Commune renamed to Zhoukoudian People's Commune
1963Made into a town
1989Made into an area
1993Incorporated Huangshandian Township and Changgouyu Area
2000Became a town while retaining the status of an area

Administrative divisions

In 2021, Zhoukoudian Area was formed by 29 subdivisions, of those 5 were communities and 24 were villages:
Administrative division codeSubdisvision namesName transliterationType
110111009001周口店ZhoukoudianCommunity
110111009002长沟峪ChanggouyuCommunity
110111009003金巢JinchaoCommunity
110111009004红光HongguangCommunity
110111009005鑫山矿XinshankuangCommunity
110111009200南韩继NanhangjiVillage
110111009201瓦井WajingVillage
110111009202新街XinjieVillage
110111009203大韩继DahanjiVillage
110111009204辛庄XinzhuangVillage
110111009205周口村ZhoukoucunVillage
110111009206云峰寺YunfengsiVillage
110111009207周口店ZhoukoudianVillage
110111009208娄子水LouzishuiVillage
110111009209拴马庄ShuanmazhuangVillage
110111009210黄院HuangyuanVillage
110111009211龙宝峪LongbaoyuVillage
110111009212黄山店HuangshandianVillage
110111009213黄元寺HuangyuansiVillage
110111009214良各庄LianggezhuangVillage
110111009215西庄XizhuangVillage
110111009216车厂ChechangVillage
110111009217涞沥水LailishuiVillage
110111009218泗马沟SimagouVillage
110111009219北下寺BeixiasiVillage
110111009220葫芦棚HulupengVillage
110111009221长流水ChangliushuiVillage
110111009222山口ShankouVillage
110111009223官地GuandiVillage

Geography and Climate

Zhoukoudian Town is situated in the mountainous western portion of Fangshan District, approximately 50 kilometers southwest of central Beijing. The town occupies an area of 121.2 square kilometers characterized by limestone hills and cave formations that have made the region significant for paleontological research. The terrain consists of rolling hills in the north transitioning to steeper mountains in the southern sections, with elevations ranging from 80 to 400 meters above sea level.
The region experiences a typical continental monsoon climate with four distinct seasons. Summers are hot and humid with average temperatures reaching 26-28°C in July and August, while winters are cold and dry with January temperatures averaging -4 to -6°C. Annual precipitation averages 600-650 millimeters, with approximately 75% falling during the summer months between June and August. The area's limestone geology has created numerous karst features including caves, sinkholes, and underground water channels that have been crucial to the preservation of ancient fossil remains.
The town's location along historical transportation routes between Beijing and the western mountainous regions contributed to its development as a mining and agricultural center before gaining prominence for its archaeological significance in the early 20th century.

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