Donnybrook Fair
Donnybrook Fair was a fair that was held in Donnybrook, Dublin, from 1204 to 1855. It has given its name to an Irish jig, a chain of food stores, a broadsheet ballad, and is a slang term for a brawl or riot.
History
In the year 1204 King John of England granted a licence under the Fairs Act 1204 to the corporation of Dublin to hold an annual eight-day fair in Donnybrook to compensate Dubliners for the expense of building walls and defences around the city. Similar fairs were established in Waterford and Limerick.In 1252 the duration was extended to fifteen days. Over the years, the terms of holding the fair changed slightly, until in the 18th century it was held on 26 August on Donnybrook Green for a fortnight.
By the beginning of the 19th century, the fair had become more a site of public entertainment and drinking than a fair proper, and many attempts were made to have it abolished. However, the licence-holder had by law the right to hold the fair and refused to bow to public pressure.
The licence had been passed from Henry Ussher to William Wolsey, who leased it in 1778 to John Madden and then sold it to him in 1812. A committee, The Committee for the Abolition of Donnybrook Fair, was established to acquire the licence in order to put an end to it, and it was finally bought from John and Peter Madden in 1855 for £3,000, under the auspices of the Lord Mayor of Dublin, Joseph Boyce.