Dihoplus


Dihoplus is an extinct genus of rhinoceros that lived in Eurasia from the Late Miocene to Pliocene.

Description

Species of Dihoplus were large rhinoceroses, with the body masses of Dihoplus schleiermacheri and Dihoplus pikermiensis estimated at and respectively. The head bore two horns. The nasal septum was not ossified, with a nasal notch above the frontmost premolars. The toothrow is placed posteriorly within the skull. The first upper premolar is absent, though the lower second incisor is present.

Taxonomy

Members of Dihoplus were long placed in Dicerorhinus. Sometimes these species are placed in the related Stephanorhinus. The genus is now generally considered distinct, though there is still debate as to which species should be included; for example, Deng listed Merck's rhinoceros under Dihoplus. Species recently placed in the genus include:
"D." megarhinus from the Late Miocene-Pliocene of Europe, Anatolia, China and Transbaikalia, since 2021 has been placed instead in the genus Pliorhinus along with "Dicerorhinus" miguelcrusafonti from the Pliocene of Europe. "D." ringstoemi is either considered a synonym of "D." megarhinus or placed as a separate species within Pliorhinus.
The monophyly of the genus has been questioned, with some studies suggesting that D. pikermiensis is more closely related to Stephanorhinus and Coelodonta than to the type species D. schleiermacheri.
Morphological phylogeny after Pandolfi, excluding living African rhinoceros species.

Ecology

D. pikermiensis and D. bethlehemsis are suggested to have been browsers.