Deșteaptă-te, române!
"italic=no" is the national anthem of Romania. It originated from a poem written during the Wallachian Revolution of 1848.
The lyrics were composed by Andrei Mureșanu and published during the 1848 revolution, initially with the name "Un răsunet", as a lyrical response to Vasile Alecsandri's poem "Către Români", later known as "Deșteptarea României", from which Mureșanu took inspiration for many of the themes and motifs of his own lyrics, a fact that is reflected in the overall similarity between the two poems. The original text was written in the Romanian Cyrillic alphabet. It was first sung in late June in the same year in the city of Brașov, on the streets of the Șcheii Brașovului neighborhood and it became immediately the revolutionary anthem.
Since then, this patriotic song has been sung during all major Romanian conflicts, including during the 1989 anti-communist revolution. After the revolution, it became the national anthem on 24 January 1990, replacing the communist-era national anthem "Trei culori".
29 July, the National Anthem Day, is an annual observance in Romania.
The anthem was also used on various solemn occasions in the Moldavian Democratic Republic during its brief existence between 1917 and 1918. Between 1991 and 1994, "Deșteaptă-te, române!" was the national anthem of Moldova before it was subsequently replaced by "Limba noastră".
History
The melody was originally a sentimental song called "Din sânul maicii mele" composed by Anton Pann after hearing the poem. In 1848 Andrei Mureșanu wrote the poem "Un răsunet" and asked Gheorghe Ucenescu, a Șcheii Brașovului Church singer, to find him a suitable melody. After Ucenescu sang him several lay melodies, Mureșanu chose Anton Pann's song instead.First sung during the uprisings of 1848, "Deșteaptă-te române!" became a favourite among Romanians and it has seen play during various historical events, including as part of Romania's declaration of independence from the Ottoman Empire during the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878), and during World War I. The song received particularly heavy radio broadcast in the days following Romanian coup d'état of 23 August 1944, when Romania switched sides, turning against Nazi Germany and joining the Allies of [World War II|Allies] in World War II.
After the Communist Party abolished the monarchy on 30 December 1947, "Deșteaptă-te române!" and other patriotic songs closely associated with the previous regime were outlawed. Nicolae Ceaușescu's government permitted the song to be played and sung in public, but it was not given state recognition as the national anthem of the Socialist Republic of Romania.
The song was officially adopted as the national anthem on 24 January 1990, shortly after the Romanian Revolution of December 1989.
The overall message of the anthem is a "call to action"; it proposes a "now or never" urge for change present in many national anthems like the French revolutionary song "La Marseillaise" – hence why Nicolae Bălcescu called it the "Romanian Marseillaise".
Another anthem
"Hora Unirii", written by poet Vasile Alecsandri, which was sung a great deal on the occasion of the Union of the Principalities and on other occasions. "Hora Unirii" is sung on the Romanian folk-like tune of a slow but energetic round dance written by Alexandru Flechtenmacher, joined by the whole attendance.Lyrics
Romania's national anthem has eleven stanzas. Today, only the first, second, fourth, and last are sung on official occasions, as established by Romanian law. At major events such as the National Holiday on 1 December, the full version is sung, accompanied by 21-gun salute when the President is present at the event.| Romanian official | Original orthography | IPA transcription |
Ꙟn каре тĕ аdъnчіръ ? барбарii dе тіраnĭ ?! АкȢm орĭ nічĭ оdатъ кроĭеще'цĭ алтъ сóрте Ла кареа съ се 'nкіnе ? ші крȢzіĭ тъĭ dȢшmаnĭ ?! АкȢm, орĭ nічĭ оdатъ съ dъm dовеzĭ ла лȢmе, Къ 'nасте mъnĭ mаĭ кȢрџе ? Ȣn съnџе dе роmаn ?, Шĭ къ'n а nóстре пептȢрĭ пъстръm кȢ фалъ Ȣn nȢmе ТрĭȢmфътор ꙟн лȢпте, ? Ȣn nȢmе dе Траĭаn ?. Ꙟnалцъ'цĭ лата фрȢnте, ші каȢтъ 'n џіȢр dе тіnе КȢm стаȢ ка браzĭ ꙟн mȢnте ? воĭnічĭ сȢте dе mіĭ ?! Ꙋn глас еĭ mаĭ ащеатъ ші сар ка лȢпĭ ꙟн стіnе Бътръnĭ, бърбацĭ, жȢnĭ, тіnерĭ ? dіn mȢnцĭ ші dіn къmпіĭ ?! Прівіцĭ mъреце Ȣmбре, МіхаĭȢ, Щефаn, Корвіnе Ла nаціа роmъnъ, ? л'аĭ востріĭ стръnепоцĭ ?! КȢ брацеле арmате, кȢ фокȢл вострȢ'n віnе, Віĭацъ 'n лібертате, ? орĭ móрте стрігъ тоцĭ ?! Пре воĭ въ nimiчіръ а пісмеĭ ръȢтате Ші óрба nеȢnіре ? ла Мілкоб ші Карпацĭ ?! Daр nоĭ пътрȢnшĭ ла сȢфлет de сфъnта лібертате, ЖȢръm, къ воm da mъna, ? съ фіm пȢрȢреа фрацĭ ?! О mаmъ веdȢвітъ dела МіхаĭȢ чел mаре Претіndе dела фіі'шĭ ? аzĭ mъnъ d'ажȢтор ?; Ші бластъmъ кȢ лакръmĭ ꙟн окĭ, пе орĭ шікаре, Ꙟn астфелĭȢ dе перікȢл ? се фаче въnzътор ?. De фȢлџере съ пеаръ, de тръсnет ші пȢчóсъ, Орĭ каре с'ар ретраџе ? din глоріосȢл лок ?, Къnd патріа саȢ mama кȢ іnima dȢióсъ, Ва чере ка съ тречеm ? прin сабіе ші фок ?. N'aжȢnсе iaтагаnȢл барбареĭ сеmiлȢnе, А кърȢĭ плъџĭ фатале ? ші аzĭ ле maĭ сіmціm ?; АкȢm се вѫръ кnȢта ꙟн ветреле стръбȢnе, Daр maртор nе é DomnȢл ? къ віĭ nȢ о прііmim ?. N'aжȢnсе dеспотісmȢл кȢ 'nтеага лȢĭ орбіе, А кърȢĭ жȢг din веакȢрĭ ? ка вітеле'л пȢртъm ?; АкȢm се 'nчеаркъ крȢzіĭ ꙟн óрба лор трȢфіе, Съ ne ръпіаскъ ліmба: ? dар mорцĭ nȢmaĭ о dъm ?! Роmъnĭ dіn патрȢ ȢnгĭȢрĭ, акȢm, орĭ nічĭ оdатъ Ꙋnіцĭ'въ ꙟн кȢџет, ? Ȣnіцĭ'въ 'n сіmцірĭ ?! Стрігацĭ ꙟн лȢmеа ларгъ къ DȢnъреа'ĭ фȢратъ Пріn іnтрігъ ші сілъ, ? віклеnе Ȣnелтірĭ ?! Преоцĭ, кȢ крȢчеа'n фрȢnте, къчĭ óстеа é крещіnъ, Deвіzа'ĭ лібертате, ? ші скопȢл еĭ преа сфъnт ?! МȢріm mаĭ біnе 'n лȢптъ, кȢ глоріе deпліnъ, Deкът съ фіm склаві ĭаръшĭ ? ꙟн векĭȢл nост пъmъnт ?! |