Demi-cannon

The demi-cannon was a medium-sized cannon, similar to but slightly larger than a culverin and smaller than a regular cannon, developed in the early 17th century. A full cannon fired a 42-pound shot, but these were discontinued in the 18th century as they were seen as too unwieldy. The lower tiers of 18th century English warships were usually equipped with demi-cannons.
Ships featuring demi-cannons included English [ship Sovereign of the Seas|Sovereign of the Seas], Resolution and James, which fought in the Anglo-Dutch naval wars. Demi-cannons were also used on HMS [Stirling Castle |HMS Stirling Castle], the wreck of which was discovered in the Goodwin Sands. Several examples of this weapon were recovered from the site.
The barrels of demi-cannon were typically long, had a calibre of and could weigh up to. It required of black powder to fire a round shot. The demi-cannon had an effective range of.
These 32-pounders were used during the 18th century on first-rate ships of the line which carried up to 100 guns. Though powerful, the naval demi-cannons were inaccurate, except at close range, which allowed warships to cause as much damage as possible. Sometimes a single broadside was enough to cripple the enemy vessel.