Dagger alif


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The dagger alif or superscript alif is written as a short vertical stroke on top of an Arabic letter. It indicates a long sound where an alif is normally not written, e.g. هَٰذَا or رَحْمَٰن. The dagger alif occurs in only a few modern words, but these include some common ones. It is rarely written, however, even in fully vocalised texts, except in the Qur'an. As Wright notes " was at first more rarely marked than the other long vowels, and hence it happens that, at a later period, after the invention of the vowel-points, it was indicated in some very common words merely by a fatḥa " Most keyboards do not have the dagger alif. The word الله is usually produced automatically by entering ""; or in Arabic "ا ل ل ه". The word consists of alif + ligature of doubled with a shadda and a dagger alif above.

With fatḥah

There are two possible ways of representing the dagger alif in modern editions of Quran. In the editions printed in the Middle East, the dagger alif is written with fatḥah: الرَّحْمَٰنِ. In the editions printed in South Asia, the dagger alif is written without fatḥah: الرَّحْمٰنِ.