Câlnic, Alba
Câlnic is a commune in Alba County, Transylvania, Romania, composed of two villages, Câlnic and Deal. Câlnic village is known for its castle, which is on UNESCO's list of World Heritage Sites.
Câlnic Castle, first mentioned in 1269, is very well preserved. Built as a defensible residence for the local Saxon "Gref" or count, it was bought in 1430 by the likewise Saxon village community and further fortified as a refuge castle or Fliehburg. It consists of a large court surrounded by walls and some buildings adjacent to the walls. In the middle of the court there is a large keep as well as a chapel. The castle differs from most other constructions of this type in that it is not situated on a hilltop but rather in a depression, much lower than the surrounding hills. This position, clearly inconvenient in case of a siege, can be explained by the castle's first function as a residence, not meant as a defensive construction.