Cut-off (electronics)


In electronics, cut-off is a state of negligible conduction that is a property of several types of electronic components when a control parameter, is lowered or increased past a value. The transition from normal conduction to cut-off can be more or less sharp, depending on the type of device considered, and also the speed of this transition varies considerably.

Cutoff values

Diodes

Transistors

Valves

  • Triodes: triodes cut off when applied grid bias is too low. This will be a negative voltage under ordinary conditions.
  • Tetrode, pentode etc.: There is some degree of interaction between the grids, and values will vary from one device to another. Anode voltage also affects cutoff voltage.
Prolonged periods in cut-off leads to cathode poisoning.

Remote cutoff

A vacuum tube with its control grid given a helix with a variable pitch can be made to operate with more negative grid voltages, with reduced amplification, before it is completely cut off. This ability to vary the amplification and also the transconductance, is useful in Automatic Gain Control stages of radio receivers. Devices with this characteristic are called remote-cutoff or variable-mu or super-control types.

Sharp cutoff

With a normal control grid arrangement, a vacuum tube will have close to a square-law relationship between input voltage and output current, with the latter falling sharply to roughly zero. This characteristic is normally required for linear RF and audio uses. Examples; EF86 and 6AK5.

Semi-remote cutoff

A semi-remote cutoff device has characteristics somewhere between a remote-cutoff device and a sharp-cutoff one.