List of equipment of the British Army
This is a list of equipment of the British Army currently in use. It includes small arms, combat vehicles, aircraft, watercraft, artillery and transport vehicles. The British Army is the principal land warfare force of the United Kingdom, a part of British Armed Forces. Since the end of the Cold War, the British Army has been deployed to a number of conflict zones, often as part of an expeditionary force, a coalition force or part of a United Nations peacekeeping operation.
To meet its commitments, the equipment of the Army is periodically updated and modified. Programs exist to ensure the Army is suitably equipped for both current conflicts and expected future conflicts, with any shortcomings in equipment addressed as Urgent Operational Requirements, which supplements planned equipment programmes.
Infantry section equipment
The British infantry section consists of eight men who are normally organised into two four-man infantry fireteams. While equipment formations can be tailored as required by section and platoon commanders, infantry sections are usually issued with the following:;Weapons
- Six L85A2/A3 rifles, two of which are usually equipped with an L123A2/A3 underslung grenade launcher
- One L129A1 sharpshooter rifle
- One L7A2 general purpose machine gun
- Seven L3A1 bayonets for use with L85A2/A3 and L129A1 rifles
- One L128A1 combat shotgun for use by the section point man
- Two NLAW anti-tank weapons
- L72A9 or L2A1 anti-structure munitions
- L109A2 High explosive grenades
- L132A1 smoke grenades and/or L84A3 red phosphorus smoke grenades
- Sight Unit Small Arms, Trilux or SpecterOS Lightweight Day Sights
- Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight to be used with the L129A1 rifle
- Image intensified Common Weapon Sights
- Laser Light Module Vario Ray Adaptive Target Acquisition Modules
- TAM-14 small Thermal Imaging System
- Head mounted Night Vision System, based on the American AN/PVS-14.
- VIPIR-2+ thermal imaging weapon sights
- Commander's target locating systems
- Personal Role Radio - one issued to each member.
- Bowman secure VHF Radio
Weapons
Pistols
Infantry rifles
Bayonet
Long range rifles
Submachine guns
Machine guns
Shotguns
Grenade launchers
Explosives
Indirect fire weapons
Portable anti-material weapons
Non service weapons
In addition to the weapons above, several foreign weapons and former British service weapons are held as non service pattern light weapons in order to conduct familiarisation and/or usage training, obtain data on and demonstrate weapon characteristics and performance, make comparisons to current British service weapons, and test items such as ammunition and ancillary equipment.Handguns
- Beretta 92
- Browning Hi-Power
- M1911A1
- Makarov pistol
- SIG Sauer P225
- Tokarev pistol
- Uzi 9mm Pistol
- Walther Model P5
- Walther Model PP
- Walther Model PPK
Infantry and long range rifles
- AK-47, AKM, and variants
- AK-74 and variants
- AR-15 family
- Beretta AR70/223 and AR70/90
- CETME Models A, B, and C
- CETME Models L and LC
- Dragunov SVD
- FN FAL and variants
- FAMAS
- FN FNC
- Galil assault rifle
- HK 33E
- HK G3
- HK G36
- HK G41
- Lee-Enfield
- M1 Carbine
- M1 Garand
- Remington M24
- Ruger Mini-14
- Steyr AUG
Submachine guns
- Beretta 38/49 Model 4
- Beretta Model 12 and Model 12S
- Colt 9mm SMG
- Ingram Model 10
- Ingram Model 11
- Sterling submachine gun
- Uzi 9mm SMG
Machine guns
- AA-52 and AA-52 NF-1
- DShK-38
- Enfield BREN
- FN MAG
- Galil ARM LMG
- Heckler & Koch HK21
- HK 23E
- HK 13 LMG
- HK MG4
- M60
- M1919
- PK series
- RPD LMG
- RPK
- SG43 and SGM
- Steyr AUG HBAR and AUG LMG
Anti-tank weapons
- RPG-7
Personal equipment
Protective equipment
Helmet
Many soldiers are now equipped with the new Virtus helmet which provides increased blunt impact protection, has a lighter weight than the preceding Mk7, can be fitted with face and mandible guards for certain roles, is specially shaped to allow effective weapon usage while in a prone position and wearing body armour, and features a permanent universal night vision mount and a scalable counterweight attached to the helmet's rear in order to ease strain on the user's neck while a night vision device is equipped.Prior to this, the standard helmet in service was the Mk7 which replaced the older Mk6 and Mk6A helmets on operations. The Mk7 helmet offered the same protection as the Mk6A but had a lower weight and was equipped with a new harness that kept the helmet more stable on the head when night vision equipment was fitted. The shape of the helmet was better integrated with new weapon sights compared to the Mk6A, making it easier to use in a variety of fighting positions. All helmets allow the soldier to wear a respirator, hearing protection, goggles and/or a radio headset as necessary.
Combat Body Armour
The British Army utilises three combat body armour systems. For training activities, old stocks of Enhanced Combat Body Armour are utilised; first introduced in the 1980s, this is a soft body armour vest that can be augmented with hard armour plates. For operational activities since 2006, soldiers have been issued with a combined soft and hard body armour vest known as Osprey body armour, with the latest iteration being the Mk 4 and Mk 4A 'Osprey Assault' body armour. The Osprey Mk 4 vest provides the same level of ballistic protection as older Osprey vests while improving the comfort of personnel on operations by being closer fitting, less bulky and easier to move in; this is aided by having a thinner hard armour plate which is carried in an internal pocket as opposed to the external pockets of Enhanced Combat Body Armour and earlier Osprey vests. A new ribbed material lining on the inside of the vest improves breathability in hotter climates such as that of Afghanistan. The Mk 4A version achieves a further weight reduction by switching from a cummerbund to a smaller side plate pouch. All versions of Osprey body armour are modular in that MOLLE loops on the outside of the vest allow soldiers to attach various load carrying pouches to suit their role, with the Osprey Mk 4 having a higher number of loops and introducing new pouches such as a "commander's pouch" for holding stationery and open magazine pouches with elastic draw-cords for easier access to ammunition.Osprey Mk 4 and Mk 4A body armour has mostly been replaced by the Scalable Tactical Vest component of Virtus body armour, which is even closer fitting and lighter than the Opsrey Mk 4 and can have its level of protection scaled up or down to match the prevailing type of threat. The vest also features a quick-release mechanism to aid safe extraction from hazardous situations such as burning vehicles or drowning and a dynamic weight distribution system which, when linked to a soldier's waist belt, aids in spreading the soldier's load across the back, shoulders, and hips; a mechanism in the small of the back allows the wearer to adjust the weight bias depending on the situation.
Ancillary to regular body armour is a three-tier pelvic armour system issued since 2010 to mitigate against the effects of blasts, including shrapnel. The first layer is a pair of underwear shorts manufactured from scientifically-tested ballistic silk material. The second layer consists of detachable pelvic body armour that is intended to be worn while 'outside the wire' to meet the greater threats faced by soldiers on patrol; it can be rolled up and clipped to a belt and then pulled through the legs to form a protective pouch, ensuring that mobility is not impeded while the second layer is worn. The third layer consists of knee-length ballistic shorts worn over a soldier's combat trousers, offering coverage of the upper leg and wider abdominal region and designed for use by soldiers operating hand-held metal detectors to search for explosive devices or otherwise serving in a combat role where greater levels of protection are required.
Respirator
By January 2015, over 300,000 General Service Respirators had been delivered to replace the older S10 respirator. These respirators are also used by the Royal Navy, Royal Air Force and Royal Fleet Auxiliary.Uniforms
Boots
In 2012, the MOD purchased a newly designed range of brown combat boots from Haix, Alt-Berg, and other manufacturers for the Army, Royal Navy and RAF to replace the black and desert combat footwear previously worn. Five different boots, developed to match the Multi-Terrain Pattern uniform, are available to Armed Forces personnel depending on where they are based and what role they are in. Each of the five boot types comes in two different styles, with personnel being able to wear the particular style they find most comfortable. Black boots have been retained for wear with most non-camouflage uniforms as well as units on parade in full dress uniform, such as regiments performing ceremonial duties in central London.- Desert Combat – worn by dismounted troops conducting medium to high levels of activity in desert type environments with temperatures exceeding 40 °C
- Desert Patrol – worn by drivers/armoured troops conducting lower levels of activity in desert type environments exceeding 40 °C
- Temperate Combat – worn by dismounted troops for medium to high levels of activity in temperate climates
- Patrol – worn by mounted troops taking part in lower levels of activity in temperate climates
- Cold Wet Weather – worn by dismounted troops for medium to high levels of activity in temperatures down to −20 °C.
Personal Role Radio
A Personal Role Radio is distributed to every member of an eight-strong infantry section.Load Carrying Equipment
Soldiers need to carry ammunition, water, food, protective equipment, and various other supplies; Personal Load Carrying Equipment, officially known as 90 Pattern Webbing, is the current webbing system used by the British Army for this purpose. The webbing consists of a belt, a yoke harness, and various belt pouches, as well as two daysacks for use with the Combat Order; these can be attached to a larger 'Bergen' rucksack for use with the Marching Order. Associated with PLCE is a series of similar load carrying equipment and rucksacks. PLCE webbing is capable of holding everything that a soldier needs to operate for 24 hours without resupply in its Fighting Order, for up to two or three days without resupply in its Combat or Patrol Order and for up to two weeks without resupply in its Marching Order.PLCE is now very unlikely to be spotted during operations due to the introduction of the Osprey body armour series and the later Virtus scalable tactical vest, both of which feature MOLLE loops for direct attachment of load carrying pouches as well as various associated load carrying items such as rucksacks that also feature MOLLE attachment loops, though PLCE webbing produced in the newer MTP pattern does exist and, due to its durability and the quantity produced, the webbing is often seen in use during training exercises.
Future Integrated Soldier Technology
The Future Integrated Soldier Technology is a programme under development by the Ministry of Defence. The programme is designed to achieve enhanced military effect through the used of advanced technologies improving the situational awareness, lethality and survivability of soldiers. Ultimately, the programme is part of the wider British Armed Forces doctrine of network-enabled capability. 35,000 sets of kit are expected to be bought and issued between 2015 and 2020. This equipment is designed to bring the British infantryman up to standards and link with new technology currently employed, including the new underslung grenade launcher for the SA80 and the deployed Bowman communications network. It is not intended that every soldier be equipped with FIST: instead, unit commanders will request FIST kits as necessary so that they can be tailored to the situation and mission aims.Vehicles
Armoured
Artillery and air-defence
List of obsolete anti-tank guided missiles
The Mobile Artillery Monitoring Battlefield Radar is a counter-battery radar. It detects enemy artillery projectiles fired by one or more weapons and from their trajectories locates the position of the weapon that fired it. It has a detection range of up to 30 km and can process up-to 100 projectiles simultaneously. It is mounted on a Bandvagn 206 all-terrain vehicle. Five vehicles are operated by the 5th Regiment Royal Artillery.Exactor
The Exactor is a previously classified purchase of the Rafael Spike-NLOS missile system. The system is primarily used for precise indirect counter barrage attacks at long ranges where the GMLRS would result in too much collateral damage. It originally consisted of six Mk2 or Mk4 missiles mounted on an M113 chassis, of which 12 were purchased directly from the Israeli Defence Force with a further two chassis leased.In 2010, the United Kingdom hired Rafael to produce an improved Mk 5 missile and also ditched the M-113 based launchers as they were poorly air-conditioned and difficult to keep running. These new missiles were mounted on a simpler flatbed trailer containing four missiles each. This new system was dubbed the Exactor 2 by the U.K. Ministry of Defence. 18 such systems now exist within the Royal Artillery in six batteries of three.
Centurion
Centurion is a C-RAM system based on the 20mm Phalanx CIWS, originally acquired for used in Basra, Iraq. It is operated by 16th Regiment Royal Artillery, and intended to intercept incoming rockets, shells and mortars out to a 1.2 km square area. They are maintained by Babcock International in the United Kingdom. A total of ten sets were purchased in 2005, but since then four have been reconverted back to the maritime variant.Engineering and logistics
Miscellaneous
C vehicle fleet
The job of the Royal Engineers is to restrict the enemy's ability to advance, while also allowing friendly combat forces the freedom to maneuver as necessary. Other tasks undertaken are bomb disposal, the construction of fortifications, runways, roads and bridges and the improvement of existing infrastructure to support operations - such as improving existing roads for logistic convoys. To achieve this, the Royal Engineers operate a large and diverse fleet of vehicles. At present, the C vehicle fleet is provided by a private finance initiative and consists of some 2,500 vehicles of over 160 types of "earthmoving plant, Engineer Construction Plant and rough terrain Materials Handling Equipment ".The provider of the PFI is Amey Lex Consortium, which was awarded a 15-year contract in 2005 for £600 million. The handing over of the C vehicle fleet to a PFI has improved overall efficiency, with ALC selecting common chassis for multiple roles and significantly reducing equipment types. This has led to reduced training needs in personnel, commonality of spares and an overall reduction in the logistic footprint and cost of maintenance. ALC maintains the fleet at various degrees of readiness, with a large pool of the vehicles being modified and adapted for military use - however, the majority of the fleet is maintained at commercial standards. The fleet is dispersed worldwide to accommodate both existing and future operations. When in use, the vehicles are essentially being "hired on an ad hoc basis". To help sustain the C vehicle fleet on operations, the PFI includes a logistics support package.
All-terrain vehicles
There are a number of all-terrain vehicles in service with the British Army. The Supacat ATMP is a lightweight 6×6 used by airborne and air-mobile forces. It can carry up to 8 troops with a standard NATO pallet of stores and ammunition. The Springer all-terrain vehicle is a light-role 4×2 load carriage platform, which can self-load a 1-ton pallet. Each vehicle is equipped with an 8,000 lb self-recovery winch and sand ladders, which act as loading ramps for a cargo pallet. Approximately 900 Grizzly 450 quad bikes are used as light transport for things such as mortars, ammunition and general supplies. Finally, the Harley Davidson MT350E and Honda R250 motorcycles are used by dispatch riders and for a variety of liaison and traffic control tasks.Special forces
The Special forces maintain a unique fleet of vehicles to support their covert operations. In 2001, 65 Supacat High Mobility Transporter 400 vehicles were ordered under Project Minacity after being in development for a special forces protected vehicle requirement since the late 1990s. The Minacity vehicles entered service in 2003 in Afghanistan. In 2008, 24 Australian Bushmaster armoured vehicles were purchased under an UOR for the SAS in Iraq, as these provided all-round protection unlike the Minacity. It is fitted with additional armour, counter-IED electronics, and a.50 calibre machine gun mounted in a RWS. In addition, other vehicles known to be in service are: 60 Toyota Hilux for special forces mobility; and 78 ACMAT VLRAs as tactical support vehicles to resupply and sustain special forces on operations. In August 2016, the BBC reported that the Jankel Toyota Land Cruiser-based Al-Thalab long range patrol vehicle was being used in Syria.Aircraft
Watercraft
Raiding craft
The raiding craft in service with the British Army are operated in large numbers, predominately with the Royal Engineers and the Royal Logistic Corps, for supporting both bridging and amphibious operations. These craft are highly versatile and often find themselves serving in environments ranging from the Arctic to the tropics.Mk.4 Workboat
Four boats in service, operated by the Royal Logistic Corps as small tugs and general purpose work-boats in support of amphibious operations. They have a displacement of 48 tonnes and a maximum speed of 10 knots.Mexeflotes
Mexeflotes are amphibious landing raft operated by the Royal Logistic Corps for amphibious operations and are designed to deliver both armoured vehicles and material from ship to shore. They are deployed on the 16,160 tonne Bay-class landing ships of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary.Future equipment
- The Future Integrated Soldier Technology is a suite of equipment capable of enhancing an infantryman's effectiveness as part of the Future Soldier programme.
- The Scout SV known as "Ajax" in British service and its variants have been chosen to replace the CVR family of vehicles. Ajax was due to go operational in 2019, but as of October 2019 this had yet to occur.
- The Land Ceptor Missile system will replace the Rapier by 2020.
- A new body armour system known as Virtus is under development as a replacement for the Osprey vest and Mk. 7 helmet.
- The MoD has a requirement for a new multi role vehicle under the Multi Role Vehicle-Protected requirement with main gate expected in 2017. At DSEI 2015 General Dynamics UK announced that they would offer variants of their Ocelot and Eagle vehicles for the requirement. In July 2017, the US DSCA notified the US Congress of a possible sale of 2,747 JLTV vehicles and accessories to the UK. As of Oct 2019 no decision has been made.
- The British Army wants to purchase 8x8 wheeled armoured fighting vehicles to replace the Mastiff and Ridgeback in British Service. This program used to be part of FRES UV, later named simply UV and now known as Mechanised Infantry Vehicle. This vehicle is intended to equip the 4 "heavy protected mobility" battalions under Army 2020 Refine. They will also be part of the two Strike Brigades proposed under the Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015. In 2018 the UK rejoined the Boxer AFV consortium and as of Oct. 2019 are in negotiations with a view to purchasing 500+ units. On November 5, 2019, it was announced that a £2.8 billion deal for 500 Boxer armoured vehicles had been signed. Deliveries would start in 2023.
- Senior army officers and procurement officials are looking at either upgrading the Challenger 2 or outright replacing it. At DSEI 2015, army officials expressed their concern with the Challenger 2's armament and its inevitable obsolescence in coming years. Other causes of concern are the Challengers engine and electronics. The army stated that they had been in discussions with armoured fighting vehicle manufacturers about the future of the tank and its potential replacement. A later Defense News article said that the British Army would still proceed with its Challenger 2 LEP, citing that a replacement at the present would be too costly. On 22 December 2016, an assessment phase award was awarded to BAE Systems and Rheinmetall Land Systeme GmbH to progress the Challenger 2 Life Extension Project.
- Under the Non-Articulated Vehicle – Protected program, the MoD is looking for a successor to the DROPS vehicles. This has resulted in a contract placed in 2018 for the conversion of 382 MAN HX77 Support Vehicles to carry the EPLS equipment. They are due to fully enter service in March 2021. The contract includes the conversion of 33 winterised/waterproofed versions
- The Army is currently in the process of receiving 56 Harris Corporation T7 EOD unmanned ground vehicles, procured by DE&S under Project Starter. These systems are due to fully enter service by December 2020, replacing the fleet of Wheelbarrow Mk.8B's at the same time.
- The British MOD released a Request for Information for the Mobile Fires Platform, a new 155mm self-propelled howitzer to support the Armoured Infantry and Strike Brigades.
- A Prior Information Notice was released for a successor to the Mobile Artillery Monitoring Battlefield Radar, Advanced Sound-ranging Post and Counter-battery radar, all which will reach their out-out-service date in 2026.
- In July 2019, the UK issued a Prior Information Notice for Directed Energy Weapon demonstrators which could be mounted on army vehicles.
- A Robotic Platoon Vehicle was pitched at DSEI 2019.