Comarques of Catalonia
The comarques of Catalonia, often referred to in English as counties, are an administrative division of Catalonia. Each comarca comprises a number of municipalities, roughly equivalent to a county in the United States. Currently, Catalonia is divided into 42 comarques and Aran, considered a "unique territorial entity" and not a comarca.
Each comarca has a representative county council, except for Barcelonès, which abolished it in 2019, and Aran, which instead has the Conselh Generau d'Aran.
Comarques form the second-level administrative division within Catalonia, being a subdivision of vegueries.
Overview
Although today the comarques are officially defined under a Catalan parliamentary act, for centuries they had existed unofficially, with citizens identifying with a particular comarca in the same way that people in other parts of the world might identify with a particular region.In some cases, comarques consist of rural areas and many small villages centring on an important town, where the people of the region traditionally go to shop or to sell their goods. This is the case of comarques such as the Pla de l'Estany, centred on the town of Banyoles, or the Ripollès, centred on the town of Ripoll. In other cases, comarques are larger areas with many important population centres that have traditionally been considered part of the same region, as in the case of the Empordà or Vallès.
The current official division of Catalonia into comarques originates in an order of the autonomous Catalan government under the Spanish Republic in 1936. It was superseded after the 1939 victory of Francisco Franco's forces in the Spanish Civil War, but restored in 1987 by the re-established Generalitat of Catalonia. Since the definition of comarques is sometimes ambiguous, many new proposals have been made since the comarques were first officially designated as attempts to modify the official distribution with what some regions consider to be a traditional comarca. As a result, some revisions to the official division have been made, such as the additions of Moianès and Lluçanès to the map, in 2015 and 2023 respectively.
Comarques exist as a local government area, and have a representative county council. They are often known as counties in the English language, but this can be confused with the counties that were ruled by counts.
Borders of comarques generally do not cross those of the four state-level provinces. However, since the provinces are defined by the Spanish government, while comarques are defined by the Catalan government, exceptions do existmost notably in the case of Cerdanya, which is roughly evenly split between the provinces of Lleida and Girona.
Aran, which is included here, is officially not a comarca but a "unique territorial entity" with additional powers. Its current status was formalised in February 2015.
List of comarques
| Comarca | Datecreated | Capital | Number ofmunicipalities | Population | Area | Density | Region | Province |
| Alt Camp | 1987 | Valls | 23 | 44,578 | 538.2 | 82.8 | Camp de Tarragona | Tarragona |
| Alt Empordà | 1987 | Figueres | 68 | 140,214 | 1,357.4 | 103.3 | Comarques Gironines | Girona |
| Alt Penedès | 1987 | Vilafranca del Penedès | 27 | 106,262 | 592.7 | 179.3 | Penedès | Barcelona |
| Alt Urgell | 1987 | La Seu d'Urgell | 19 | 20,878 | 1,447.5 | 14.4 | Alt Pirineu | Lleida |
| Alta Ribagorça | 1988 | El Pont de Suert | 3 | 3,873 | 426.8 | 9.1 | Alt Pirineu | Lleida |
| Anoia | 1987 | Igualada | 33 | 117,842 | 866.3 | 136.0 | Penedès, Central Catalonia | Barcelona |
| Aran | 1987 | Vielha e Mijaran | 9 | 9,993 | 633.5 | 15.8 | Aran | Lleida |
| Bages | 1987 | Manresa | 30 | 175,527 | 1,092.2 | 160.7 | Central Catalonia | Barcelona |
| Baix Camp | 1987 | Reus | 28 | 190,249 | 697.3 | 272.8 | Camp de Tarragona | Tarragona |
| Baix Ebre | 1987 | Tortosa | 14 | 80,637 | 1002.6 | 80.4 | Terres de l'Ebre | Tarragona |
| Baix Empordà | 1987 | La Bisbal d'Empordà | 36 | 132,886 | 701.8 | 189.4 | Comarques Gironines | Girona |
| Baix Llobregat | 1987 | Sant Feliu de Llobregat | 30 | 806,249 | 486.2 | 1,658.3 | Barcelona | Barcelona |
| Baix Penedès | 1987 | El Vendrell | 14 | 100,262 | 296.4 | 338.3 | Penedès | Tarragona |
| Barcelonès | 1987 | Barcelona | 5 | 2,227,238 | 145.8 | 15,276.0 | Barcelona | Barcelona |
| Berguedà | 1987 | Berga | 31 | 40,039 | 1,185.3 | 33.8 | Central Catalonia | Barcelona, Lleida |
| Cerdanya | 1987 | Puigcerdà | 17 | 18,063 | 546.6 | 33.0 | Alt Pirineu | Girona, Lleida |
| Conca de Barberà | 1987 | Montblanc | 22 | 20,723 | 650.2 | 31.9 | Camp de Tarragona | Tarragona |
| Garraf | 1987 | Vilanova i la Geltrú | 6 | 145,886 | 185.1 | 788.1 | Penedès | Barcelona |
| Garrigues | 1987 | Les Borges Blanques | 24 | 19,762 | 797.7 | 24.8 | Ponent | Lleida |
| Garrotxa | 1987 | Olot | 21 | 56,036 | 734.5 | 76.3 | Comarques Gironines | Girona |
| Gironès | 1987 | Girona | 28 | 185,085 | 575.6 | 321.6 | Comarques Gironines | Girona |
| Lluçanès | 2023 | Prats de Lluçanès | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | Central Catalonia | Barcelona |
| Maresme | 1987 | Mataró | 30 | 437,919 | 398.6 | 1,098.6 | Barcelona | Barcelona |
| Moianès | 2015 | Moià | 10 | 13,056 | 337.9 | 38.6 | Central Catalonia | Barcelona |
| Montsià | 1987 | Amposta | 12 | 69,613 | 735.5 | 94.6 | Terres de l'Ebre | Tarragona |
| Noguera | 1987 | Balaguer | 30 | 39,376 | 1,784.1 | 22.1 | Ponent | Lleida |
| Osona | 1987 | Vic | 50 | 154,559 | 1,245.1 | 124.1 | Central Catalonia | Barcelona, Girona |
| Pallars Jussà | 1987 | Tremp | 14 | 13,530 | 1,343.2 | 10.1 | Alt Pirineu | Lleida |
| Pallars Sobirà | 1987 | Sort | 15 | 7,220 | 1,378.0 | 5.2 | Alt Pirineu | Lleida |
| Pla de l'Estany | 1988 | Banyoles | 11 | 31,554 | 262.8 | 120.1 | Comarques Gironines | Girona |
| Pla d'Urgell | 1988 | Mollerussa | 16 | 37,128 | 305.2 | 121.7 | Ponent | Lleida |
| Priorat | 1987 | Falset | 23 | 9,550 | 498.7 | 19.1 | Camp de Tarragona | Tarragona |
| Ribera d'Ebre | 1987 | Móra d'Ebre | 14 | 22,925 | 827.1 | 27.7 | Terres de l'Ebre | Tarragona |
| Ripollès | 1987 | Ripoll | 19 | 25,700 | 956.6 | 26.9 | Comarques Gironines | Girona |
| Segarra | 1987 | Cervera | 21 | 22,713 | 722.8 | 31.4 | Ponent | Lleida |
| Segrià | 1987 | Lleida | 38 | 209,768 | 1,396.4 | 150.2 | Ponent | Lleida |
| Selva | 1987 | Santa Coloma de Farners | 26 | 170,249 | 994.9 | 171.1 | Comarques Gironines | Girona, Barcelona |
| Solsonès | 1987 | Solsona | 15 | 13,497 | 1001.1 | 13.5 | Central Catalonia | Lleida |
| Tarragonès | 1987 | Tarragona | 22 | 250,306 | 319.2 | 784.2 | Camp de Tarragona | Tarragona |
| Terra Alta | 1987 | Gandesa | 12 | 12,119 | 743.0 | 16.3 | Terres de l'Ebre | Tarragona |
| Urgell | 1987 | Tàrrega | 20 | 36,526 | 579.6 | 63.0 | Ponent | Lleida |
| Vallès Occidental | 1987 | Sabadell, Terrassa | 23 | 899,532 | 583.1 | 1,542.7 | Barcelona | Barcelona |
| Vallès Oriental | 1987 | Granollers | 39 | 399,781 | 734.5 | 544.3 | Barcelona | Barcelona |
| Total comarques–43 | Barcelona | 948 | 7,518,903 | 32,108.0 | 234.2 |