Tsafiki language

Tsafiki, also known as Tsachila or Colorado, is a Barbacoan language spoken in Ecuador by about 2,000 ethnic Tsáchila people.

Phonology

Consonants

/b, d/ are preglottalized when occurring intervocalically.
/k/ can become voiced when intervocally after nasal sounds.
/ɹ/ is heard as when occurring word-initially, and when following a nasalized vowel, an allophone occurs.
/s/ is heard as when preceding high vowels /i, u/ and after unaccented high vowels.
/t͡s/ is heard as when preceding high vowels, but many speakers pronounce it as in all environments.

Vowels

Tsafiki has five vowels Four vowels have nasalized forms.

	Front	Central	Back
High
Mid
Low

	Front	Central	Back
High	ĩ		ũ
Mid	ẽ
Low		ã

Unaccented vowels before voiceless stops are often devoiced .

Morphology

Evidentiality

Tsafiki has a four-way evidentiality system. Unmarked verbs indicate "direct" witness.
-nu- is used when it is inferred from physical evidence.