Cô Tô special administrative region
Cô Tô is a small Special administrative zone of Quảng Ninh province in the northeastern region of Vietnam. As of 2019, the district had a population of 6,285, which is the lowest-population subdivision in Quảng Ninh. Cô Tô' covers an area of 47.3 km2. The region capital lies at Cô Tô.
History
which has the ancient name Chang Son, has long been the residence of fishermen's boats in the Northeast but has not yet become a settlement because it was always harassed by Chinese pirates.Under the Nguyễn dynasty, the population here became more crowded; most emigrated from China. Later, the island was occupied by French colonialists. In the middle of the 20th century, France withdrew. After that, the Chinese also returned home, the population on the island was only 10%, causing all production activities to decline.
On March 23, 1994, the government changed the name of Cam Pha district to Vân Đồn district and split the Cô Tô' archipelago into two communes Thanh Lan and Cô Tô' to establish the Cô Tô' district.
In 2006, the population of the Cô Tô' district was 5,240 people with 1,178 households. Since 1994 until now, the state has had many supportive policies on electricity prices, petrol prices, construction and upgrading of infrastructure, and the daily passenger train Vân Đồn - Cô Tô', improving people's life in this area. This is constantly improving.
On October 16, 2013, Cô Tô' officially got electricity from the national grid when the project of bringing electricity to the island was completed, worth 1,106 billion VND.
After nearly 30 years of construction and development, by the end of 2022, the whole district has 1,957 households with 6,778 people from 13 ethnic groups and 14 provinces to live, build and develop the economy.
Geography
Cô Tô' has 71 large and small islands, of which the three largest islands are Cô Tô Lớn, Thanh Lan, and Tran. Cô Tô' Island and Thanh Lan Island are located close to each other and together with smaller neighboring islands form the Cô Tô' archipelago.Cô Tô' sea area has a geographical location:
The East and the South border the waters of the Gulf of Tonkin
The West borders the sea area of the Vân Đồn district
The North borders the sea area of Hải Hà district and Móng Cái City.
The district has an area of 53.68 km, the population in 2022 is 6778 people, and the population density reaches 126 people/km².
Climate
Resources - environment
Cô Tô' has a mountainous terrain. The peak adjacent to Cap Chau on Thanh Lan Island is 210 m high, and the top of the big Cô Tô' Island meteorological station is 160 m high. The part between the islands is high, surrounded by low mountains and narrow fields, along the island are small sandy beaches and coves. The soil is mainly ferret on sandstone.Forest land covers an area of 2,200 ha, Co To's agricultural land accounts for 20% of the natural land area, of which half are capable of cultivating rice and growing crops, nearly half are capable of grazing cattle, and other crops plant fruit trees.
Cô Tô' has few rivers and streams, dammed to form 11 small lakes. Abundant groundwater has good quality. The flora on the islands is quite rich and diverse. Diverse natural forest with many types of good wood.
The planted forest includes some species of trees such as casuarina, eucalyptus, and horsetail pine. Thanh Lan Island also has oranges, tangerines, and bananas that have become famous products in the province for many years. There are many rare medicinal herbs on all islands.
The fishing profession of shrimp, fish, squid... in Cô Tô' island has been exhausted, so many types of seafood are prohibited from exploitation.