Chino cloth

Chino cloth is a twill fabric originally made from pure cotton. The most common items made from it, trousers, are widely called chinos. Today it is also found in cotton-synthetic blends.
Developed in the mid-19th century for British and, it has since migrated into civilian wear. Trousers of such a fabric gained popularity in the U.S. when Spanish–American War veterans returned from the Philippines with their twill military trousers.

Etymology

It is unknown why American veterans called the trousers "chinos". It is theorized that the cloth or the trousers were made in China.
The American Heritage Dictionary says that the word is from American Spanish chino, literally "toasted", in reference to its usual color. But this is not a usual meaning of the Spanish word.
For other possible origins see also the references to chinos in History of Spanish slavery in the Philippines and Manila galleon.

History

First designed to be used in the military, chino fabric was originally made to be simple, durable and comfortable for soldiers to wear; the use of natural earth-tone colors also began the move towards camouflage, instead of the brightly colored tunics used prior. The British Army and the United States Army started wearing it as standard during the latter half of the 19th century.
The all-cotton fabric is widely used for trousers, referred to as chinos. The original khaki is the traditional and most popular color, but chinos are made in many shades.