List of Chinese empresses and queens


The following is a list of empresses and queens consort of China, who formed the highest tier of the imperial Chinese harem system. China has periodically been divided into kingdoms as well as united under empires, resulting in consorts titled both queen and empress. The empress title could also be given posthumously, as to the mothers and grandmothers of the founders of dynasties.

Empresses and queens

The title of empress could also be given posthumously. The posthumous empresses are listed separately by the year they were given the title.

[Predynastic Zhou] (c. 1150–1046 BCE)

[Zhou dynasty] (1046–256 BCE)

Western [Han dynasty] (202 BCE–9 CE)

[Xin dynasty] (9–23)

Eastern [Han dynasty] (25–220)

[Three Kingdoms] period (220–280)

[Cao Wei] (220–266)

[Shu Han] (221–263)

[Eastern Wu] (222–280)

Jin dynasty">Jin dynasty (266–420)">Jin dynasty (266–403, 404–420)

Huan Chu dynasty (403–404)

[Sixteen Kingdoms] period (304–439)

[Cheng-Han] (304–347)

[Han-Zhao] (304–329)

[Later Zhao] (319–351)

[Ran Wei] (350–352)

[Former Liang] (301–376)

Later Liang">Later Liang (Sixteen Kingdoms)">Later Liang (386–403)

Western Liang">Western Liang (Sixteen Kingdoms)">Western Liang (400–421)

[Northern Liang] (397–439)

Southern Liang">Southern Liang (Sixteen Kingdoms)">Southern Liang (397–404, 408–414)

[Former Qin] (351–394)

Later Qin

Liu Song

;Qin
  • Empress Ju
;Han
  • Empress Ju
;Xia
;Yan
;Qi

Qi