Chinese character description languages
Several systems have been proposed for describing the internal structure of Chinese characters, including their strokes, components, and the stroke order, and the location of each in the character's ideal square. This information is useful for identifying variants of characters that are unified into one code point by Unicode and ISO/IEC 10646, as well as to provide an alternative form of representation for rare characters that do not yet have a standardized encoding in Unicode. Many aim to work for regular script, as well as to provide the character's internal structure which can be used for easier look-up of a character by indexing the character's internal make-up and cross-referencing among similar characters.
CDL
Character Description Language is an XML-based declarative language co-created by Tom Bishop and Richard Cook for the Wenlin Institute. It defines characters by the arrangement of components, which are not required to reflect the semantic or etymological history of the character. In order for a component to fit into the allotted portion of the whole character's square, a set of fewer than 50 strokes allows one to construct approximately 1,000 components, which may in turn describe tens of thousands of characters.Ideographic Description Sequences
Chapter 18 of The Unicode Standard defines the "Ideographic Description Sequences" syntax used to describe characters in featural terms, by arrangements of components with code points. Sixteen special characters in the range U+2FF0..U+2FFF act as prefix operators to combine other characters or sequences to form larger characters.| Character | Unicode Character Number | Full Unicode Name |
| ⿰ | U+2FF0 | Ideographic description character left to right |
| ⿱ | U+2FF1 | Ideographic description character above to below |
| ⿲ | U+2FF2 | Ideographic description character left to middle and right |
| ⿳ | U+2FF3 | Ideographic description character above to middle and below |
| ⿴ | U+2FF4 | Ideographic description character full surround |
| ⿵ | U+2FF5 | Ideographic description character surround from above |
| ⿶ | U+2FF6 | Ideographic description character surround from below |
| ⿷ | U+2FF7 | Ideographic description character surround from left |
| ⿼ | U+2FFC | Ideographic description character surround from right |
| ⿸ | U+2FF8 | Ideographic description character surround from upper left |
| ⿹ | U+2FF9 | Ideographic description character surround from upper right |
| ⿺ | U+2FFA | Ideographic description character surround from lower left |
| ⿽ | U+2FFD | Ideographic description character surround from lower right |
| ⿻ | U+2FFB | Ideographic description character overlaid |
| ⿾ | U+2FFE | Ideographic description character horizontal reflection |
| ⿿ | U+2FFF | Ideographic description character rotation |
Two additional ideographic description characters are scattered in other Unicode blocks. is not officially an ideographic description character, but is sometimes used in ideographic description sequences.
| Character | Code point | Block | Name |
| 〾 | U+303E | CJK Symbols and Punctuation | Ideographic variation indicator |
| ㇯ | U+31EF | CJK Strokes | Ideographic description character subtraction |
These sequences are useful in describing to the reader a character that is not directly printable, either because it is absent in a given font, or is absent from the Unicode standard altogether. For example, the sawndip character
Works cited
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