Chennai metropolitan area


Chennai metropolitan area or Greater Chennai is the fourth-most populous metropolitan area in India and the 35th most populous in the world. It consists of the core city of Chennai, which is coterminous with the Chennai district, and its suburbs in Kanchipuram, Chengalpattu, Thiruvallur and Ranipet districts.
The Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority is the nodal agency that handles town planning and development within the metro area. In 1974, an area encompassing around the city was designated as the metropolitan area which was subsequently expanded to in 2022.

History

In 1974, the Madras metropolitan area comprised a total extent of. In 2011, first plans to expand the metropolitan area were proposed by Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority as several settlements on the outer vicinity had been undergoing rapid development and had to be incorporated under the CMDA planning strategy. While other metropolises in India had already redefined their respective metropolitan regions to include much larger areas, CMA had not been altered since it was first defined in 1974. In July 2012, the CMDA suggested two options to the Government of Tamil Nadu for expanding the area with the first option including the whole of the Chennai, seven taluks each from Tiruvallur and Kancheepuram districts extending up to and the second option including the whole of Chennai, Tiruvallur and Kancheepuram districts and Arakkonam taluk extending to a total of. In July 2017, the Government of Tamil Nadu announced its intention to expand the CMA to with the whole process expected to be completed by July 2018.
On 22 January 2018, Government of Tamil Nadu issued a Government order to declare the intention to include additional areas in the Chennai Metropolitan Planning Area under the Tamil Nadu Town and Country Planning Act, 1971. As per the act, the government is required to allow reasonable opportunity for inhabitants, local authorities and institutions in the area to comment upon or object to such an expansion proposals and few objections were received including a public interest litigation filed at the Madras High Court in March 2018. The plan was later modified and in October 2022, the metropolitan area was expanded to.

Distribution and composition

The metropolitan area consists of four municipal corporations, 12 municipalities and other smaller panchayats spread across the districts of Chennai, Thiruvallur, Kancheepuram, Chengalpattu and Ranipet. The planning and development is overseen by the Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority, a Tamil Nadu State Government organisation in charge of town in the region. CMA is divided into three zones north, central and south.
The State government had announced the formation of six satellite townships – Minjur covering 111 sq. kilometres, Thirumazhisai 34 sq. km., Chengalpattu 136 sq. km., Mamallapuram 123 sq. km., Kancheepuram 99 sq. km. and Tiruvallur 37 sq. km., through Government Orders issued in 2023.
ZoneArea DistrictTaluk
CentralChennai districtAlandur, Ambattur, Aminjikarai, Ayanavaram, Egmore, Guindy, Madhavaram, Maduravoyal, Mambalam, Mylapore, Perambur, Purasawalkam, Sholinganallur, Thiruvottiyur, Tondiarpet, Velachery
CentralChengalpattu districtPallavaram, Tambaram, Vandalur
CentralKanchipuram districtKundrathur
CentralTiruvallur districtAvadi, Poonamallee, Ponneri
NorthTiruvallur districtGummidipoondi, Poonamallee, Ponneri, Tiruvallur, Tiruttani, Uthukottai
NorthKanchipuram districtSriperumbudur
NorthRanipet districtArakkonam, Nemili
SouthChengalpattu districtChengalpattu, Tirukalukundram, Thiruporur, Vandalur
SouthKanchipuram districtKundrathur, Kanchipuram, Walajabad

Administration

The CMDA regulates developments in the Chennai metropolitan area through the issuance of planning permission under section 49 of the Tamil Nadu Town and Country Planning Act 1971.
AgencyResponsibility
Chennai Metropolitan Development AuthorityUrban planning and project implementation
Local bodies Civic management
Chennai MetroWater Supply and Sewage BoardWater Supply and sewerage
Chennai Unified Metropolitan Transport AuthorityTransport and transport infrastructure
Department of Highways
Tamil Nadu Road Infrastructure Development Corporation
Tamil Nadu Road Development Company
Construction and maintenance of highways and roads
Chennai-Ennore Port Road CompanyMaintenance of road connecting ports
Metropolitan Transport Corporation
Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation
State Express Transport Corporation
Public bus transport
Chennai Metro Rail LimitedMetro rail transport
Southern RailwayRailway, Suburban railway and MRTS
Regional Transport departmentTransport services
Commissionerate of Road SafetyRoad safety
Port TrustPort
Airports Authority of IndiaAirport and air transport
Chennai Smart City LimitedCore infrastructure transformation and rejuvenation
Chennai City Traffic Police
Avadi Traffic Police
Tambaram Traffic Police
Traffic police of Tiruvallur, Kanchipuram, Chengalpattu and Ranipet districts
Traffic management
Greater Chennai Police
District police of Tiruvallur, Kanchipuram, Chengalpattu and Ranipet districts
Crime, cyber crime and law & order management
Tamil Nadu Electricity Board
Tamil Nadu Generation and Distribution Corporation
Tamil Nadu Transmission Corporation
Electricity generation and supply
Tamil Nadu Pollution Control BoardPollution control
Department of RevenueRevenue administration
Public Works DepartmentImplementation and maintenance of macro drainage system
Department of RegistrationLand registration, stamp duties
Tamil Nadu Housing BoardProvision of plots and houses, sites and services
Tamil Nadu Urban Habitat Development BoardHousing, infrastructure and livelihood in slums
AavinMilk procurement and distribution

Economy

, the GDP of the metropolitan is estimated at US$219 billion, ranking it amongst the most productive metro areas of India. Chennai has a broad industrial base in the automobile, computer, technology, hardware manufacturing and healthcare sectors., the city is India's second-largest exporter of information technology and business process outsourcing services. A major part of India's automobile industry is located in and around the city thus earning it the nickname "Detroit of Asia". According to Euromonitor, Chennai is the third-most visited city in India by international tourists and is known as the "Gateway to South India".