Cydia (moth)


Cydia is a large genus of tortrix moths, belonging to the tribe Grapholitini of subfamily Olethreutinae. Its distinctness from and delimitation versus the tribe's type genus Grapholita requires further study.
Moths in this genus are generally small and dull brown; their caterpillars are yellow or white and wormlike. Cydia includes many species of economic importance due to the damage their caterpillars inflict as pests of agricultural crops, especially fruit and nut trees. On the other hand, some Cydia species have been used for biological control of invasive weeds, and many of these small moths and their caterpillars are an important food source for other animals. A few species from the Hawaiian Islands are suspected to be extinct due to disappearance of their food plants.
Another well-known species is the jumping bean moth, whose caterpillars live in Sebastiania seeds, turning them into the famous "Mexican jumping beans".

Species

Roughly 215 species are currently recognized in Cydia, though as noted above, the list is provisional:Cydia acerivora Cydia adenocarpi Cydia alabastrina Diakonoff, 1983Cydia alazon Cydia albimaculana Cydia albipicta Cydia alienana Cydia americana Cydia amplana - rusty oak mothCydia amurensis Cydia anaranjada - slash pine seedworm mothCydia aphrosema Diakonoff, 1987Cydia aphrospila Cydia araucariae Cydia archaeochrysa Diakonoff, 1986Cydia astragalana Cydia atlantica Chambon & Frérot, 1985Cydia blackmoreana Cydia bracteatana Cydia brownorum Rose & Pooni, 2003Cydia callizona Cydia canariensis Cydia candana Cydia caradjana Cydia caryana - hickory shuckworm mothCydia celiae Cydia charops Cydia chelias Cydia chlorostola Cydia cognatana Cydia colorana Kearfott, 1907Cydia commensalana Cydia confusana Cydia conicolana Cydia coniferana Cydia conoterma Cydia conspicua Cydia cornucopiae Cydia corollana Cydia corona Bippus, 2020Cydia cosmophorana Cydia costastrigulana Cydia crassicornis Cydia cryptomeriae Cydia cupressana Kearfott, 1907Cydia curiosa Razowski, 2009Cydia curitibana Schönherr, 1987Cydia curvivalva Liu & Yan, 1998Cydia cytisanthana Burmann & Pröse, 1988Cydia dadionopa Cydia daedalota Cydia dalbergiacola Liu, 1992Cydia damascana Cydia danilevskyi Cydia defensa Cydia derrai Pröse, 1988Cydia deyana Cydia dissulta Diakonoff, 1983Cydia dochmasima Diakonoff, 1987Cydia doria Cydia duplicana Cydia elpore Cydia ergoda Razowski, 2013Cydia ermolenkoi Cydia erotella Cydia ethelinda Cydia eucyanea Walsingham, 1914Cydia eudesma Walsingham, 1914Cydia exquisitana Cydia fabivora Cydia fagiglandana - beech mothCydia fahlbergiana Cydia falsifalcellumCydia farsica Cydia fletcherana Cydia flexiloqua Cydia gallaesaliciana Cydia garacana Cydia gilviciliana Cydia glandicolanaCydia grandicula Cydia grunertiana Cydia guttifera Cydia gypsograpta Cydia honorana Cydia hygrotrema Cydia ilipulana Cydia illustrana Cydia illutanaCydia indivisaCydia infausta Cydia inflata Cydia informosana Cydia ingens - longleaf pine seedworm mothCydia ingrata Cydia injectiva Cydia inopiosa Cydia inquinatanaCydia interscindana Cydia intexta Cydia japonensis Kawabe, 1980Cydia johanssoni Aarvik & Karsholt, 1993Cydia kamijoi Cydia kozlovi Cydia kurokoi - nut fruit tortrixCydia lacustrina Cydia lajonquierei Cydia largo Heppner, 1981Cydia laricana Cydia laricicolana Cydia larimana Cydia latifemorisCydia latiferreana - filbertworm moth Cydia latisigna Miller, 1986Cydia lautiuscula Cydia leguminana Cydia leucobasis Cydia leucogrammana Cydia leucostoma - tea flush wormCydia maackiana Cydia malesana Cydia marathonana Pröse & Sutter, 1973Cydia maxima Cydia medicaginis - alfalfa mothCydia mediocris Cydia melanoptycha Diakonoff, 1983Cydia membrosa Cydia menoides Walsingham, 1914Cydia microgrammana Cydia millenniana - larch gall mothCydia miscitata Cydia montanaCydia montezuma Miller, 1986Cydia monticola Cydia multilineana Cydia multistriana Cydia nebulocula Cydia negatana Cydia neolopha Cydia nigra Cydia nigricana - pea mothCydia ninana Dyar, 1903Cydia nomaea Cydia obliqua Cydia obnisa Cydia obtecta Cydia obumbrana Kuznetzov, 1992Cydia odontica Diakonoff, 1983Cydia omana Razowski, 1995Cydia oxytropidis Cydia pactolana - spruce bark tortrixCydia palmetum Cydia pamira Cydia parapteryxCydia peiui Cydia pentalychna Cydia perelegans Cydia perfricta Cydia periclydonia Diakonoff, 1983Cydia perlaeta Walsingham, 1914Cydia perrupta Cydia persica Cydia phalacris Cydia phyllisi Miller, 1986Cydia piperana - ponderosa pine seedworm mothCydia plicatum Cydia plumbiferana Cydia pomonella - codling mothCydia populana Cydia prismatica Cydia prosperana Cydia pseudomalesana Clarke, 1986Cydia pseudotsugae Cydia pulchella Durrant in Walsingham, 1914Cydia pycnochra Cydia pyraspis Cydia pyrivora - pear fruit moth, pear tortricidCydia rana Cydia reflectrix Cydia rhodaspis Cydia rjabovi Cydia rufipennisCydia saltitans - jumping bean mothCydia sammuti Diakonoff, 1986Cydia secretana Cydia seductana Cydia semicinctana Cydia servillana Cydia siderocosma Cydia signifer Walsingham, 1914Cydia silvana Cydia splendana - chestnut tortrix, acorn mothCydia staphiditis Cydia stirpicola Cydia storeella Cydia striatana Cydia strigulatana Cydia strobilella - spruce seed mothCydia succedanaCydia sumptuosana Cydia tana Cydia taocosma Cydia tonosticha Cydia toreuta - eastern pine seedworm mothCydia torostoma Cydia trasias Cydia trichota Diakonoff, 1988Cydia trifascicolana Schönherr, 1987Cydia trogodana Pröse, 1988Cydia tropicana Kuznetzov, 1992Cydia tunisiana Aarvik & Karsholt, 1993Cydia turcianae Chambon in Chambon, Witzgall & Bengtsson, 1993Cydia ulicetanaCydia undosa Cydia uranatma Cydia vallesiaca Cydia walsinghamiiCydia zebeana - larch bark moth

Former species

Synonyms

Obsolete scientific names of Cydia are:Adenoneura Walsingham, 1907Carpocampa Harris, 1841 Carpocapsa Treitschke, 1829Cerata Stephens, 1852Coccyx Treitschke, 1829Collicularia Obraztsov, 1960Crobilophora Crobylophora Kennel, 1910 Danilevskia Kuznetzov, 1970Dicraniana Diakonoff, 1984Erminea Kirby & Spence, 1826Erminia Hedulia Heinrich, 1926Kenneliola Paclt, 1951Lasperesia Laspeyresia Hübner, 1825 Lespeyresia Melisopus Melissopus Riley, 1882Melliopus Mellisopus Mellissopus Phanetoprepa Obraztsov, 1968Pseudotomoides Obraztsov, 1959Semasia Stephens, 1829Strobila Sodoffsky, 1837
In addition to the uncertain relationship of Cydia and Grapholita already mentioned above, the synonymy of the present genus has been subject to some confusion with its close relative Pammene: Eucelis, Trycheris and Orchemia are sometimes listed as junior synonyms of Cydia, but the type species of the former two is Tortrix mediana, and that of the third is Orchemia gallicana.