Carditidae
Carditidae is a family of marine bivalve clams of the order Carditida, which was long included in the Venerida. They are the type taxon of the superfamily Carditoidea.
Carditidae is a neglected and poorly classified family. It has six subfamilies recognised by the World Register of [Marine Species], but the WoRMS has refrained from assigning contents to any family due to ambiguity and overlap in their definitions. Additionally, several genera have been or are still considered subgenera of other genera by some authors.
Genera
The genera of Carditidae recognised by the World Register of Marine Species as of 2019 are:- Akardita La Perna, Brunetti & Della Bella, 2018
- Arcturellina Chavan, 1951Bathycardita Iredale, 1924Beguina Röding, 1798
- Cardiocardita Anton, 1838Cardita Bruguière, 1792CarditameraCarditellopsis Iredale, 1936Cardites Link, 1807Centrocardita Sacco, 1899
- †Choniocardia Cossmann, 1904
- †Claibornicardia Stenzel & Krause, 1957Coripia de Gregorio, 1885Cuna Hedley, 1902
- * Cuna aupouri Powell, 1937
- * Cuna carditelloides Suter, 1911
- * Cuna compressidens Powell, 1933
- * Cuna gibbosa Powell, 1937
- * Cuna laqueus Finlay, 1927
- * Cuna manawatawhia Powell, 1937
- * Cuna mayi Powell, 1930
- * Cuna mendica Dell, 1952
- * Cuna mayi Powell, 1930
- * Cuna otagoensis Powell, 1927CyclocardiaGlans Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1811Glyptoactis Stewart, 1930
- †Goosensia Cossmann, 1885
- Hamacuna Cotton, 1931Lazariella Sacco, 1899Megacardita Sacco, 1899Milneria Dall, 1881
- †Miodomeris Chavan, 1936Miodontiscus Dall, 1903
- †Paraglans Chavan, 1941PleuromerisPowellina Huber, 2010PteromerisPurpurocardia Maxwell, 1969Strophocardia Olsson, 1961Thecalia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1857
- †Tutcheria Cox, 1946
- †Venericardia
- †Venericor Stewart, 1930Vimentum Iredale, 1925
Notes:
- In some classifications, Bathycardita is a subgenus of Cardiocardita.
- In some classifications, Centrocardita is a subgenus of Glans.
- In some classifications, Claibornicardia is a subgenus of either Glyptoactis or Venericardia.
- In some classifications, Vimentum is a subgenus of Cyclocardia.
- In some classifications prior to the 2000s, Carditella was included in Carditidae, but it has since been moved to Condylocardiidae, along with its former junior synonym/subgenus Carditellona.
- Increasingly in several 2010s classifications, the subgenus Venericardia Rutsch and Schenck 1943 is considered an independent genus.
Subfamilies
Chavan, 1969
The original six-subfamily system was first proposed by Chavan in 1969, contain the following genera :Carditamerinae Chavan, 1969
Carditesinae Chavan, 1969BaluchicardiaCarditesClaibornicardiaGlyptoactisLudbrookiaParaglansXenocardita
Carditinae Férussac, 1822BeguinaCarditaJesonia
Miodomeridinae Chavan, 1969ChavanellaCoripiaMiodomerisPteromeris
Thecaliinae Dall, 1903MilneriaThecalia
Venericardiinae Chavan, 1969LeuroactisMegacarditaPacificorTrapezicarditaVenericardia
- ''Venericor''
Perez, 2019
In 2019, D. E. Pérez proposed a seven-subfamily system for Carditidae.CarditamerinaeCarditameraCentrocarditaGlans
CarditinaeBeguina
Miodomeridinae
Palaeocarditinae Chavan, 1969
Scalaricarditinae Pérez, 2019Coripia
ThecaliinaePowellinaThecalia
Venericardiinae
In addition, Pérez proposed possible affiliations for the genera not included in his subfamilies:
- Carditidae: Carditomantea?
- Carditinae: Goosensia?
- Cyclocardida: Ainicardita, Crassicardia, Lunulicardita
- Eucarditidae: Pseudocardia?
- Miodomeridinae: Miodontiscus
- Scalaricarditinae: Malarossia, Akardita?, Choniocardia
- Stem-Carditidae: Fenestricardita?, Trapezicardita?, Gujocardita?, Septocardia?
- Stem-Eucarditidae or Stem-Carditida: Izumicardia
- Venericardiini: Cossmannella, Cretocardia, Lazariella
- Venericardiinae: Cycloglans, Strophocardia, Maghrebella?, Subvenericardia?
- Uncertain: Milneria, Xenocardita