Cardinals created by Francis

Cardinal electors

22 February 2014

No.	Name	Title when named cardinal	Country
1.	Pietro Parolin	Secretary of State	Italy 14 February 2015 On 11 December 2014, the Vatican announced that new cardinals would be created at a consistory on 14 February 2015. On 4 January 2015, Pope Francis announced the names of 20 cardinals-designate, including 15 who were under the age of 80. Vatican spokesman Rev. Federico Lombardi said the list "confirms that the pope doesn't feel tied to the traditional 'cardinal sees'", like Turin and Venice, "which reflected historic reasons in various countries. Instead we have various nominations of archbishops or bishops of sees in the past that wouldn't have had a cardinal." The selections continued the pattern Pope Francis established the previous year, showing a "preference for diocesan bishops" and for the Southern Hemisphere. Of those under the age of 80, only one is a member of the Curia ; three are bishops rather than archbishops; four are the first cardinals from their countries and others from a diocese that has not had one for decades or never had one. Nine have been elected by their peers as president of a national or regional episcopal conference. These appointments brought the number of cardinal electors to 125, while two electors would turn 80 in April. The total number of cardinals reached 227 after the consistory. On 23 January 2015, Pope Francis advised each nominee how to respond to his appointment: "Accept it with humility. Only do so in a way that in these celebrations there does not creep in a spirit of worldliness that intoxicates more than grappa on an empty stomach, disorienting and separating one from the cross of Christ." The cardinals were invited to a consistory on 12–13 February devoted to presenting a preliminary plan for the reform of the Roman Curia to the entire College of Cardinals. Nineteen of the twenty cardinals-designate attended along with 148 of the 207 cardinals. No. Name Title when named cardinal Country 1. Dominique Mamberti Prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura France|1974 19 November 2016 On 9 October 2016, the Pope announced that he planned to create new cardinals at a consistory on 19 November 2016, including 13 cardinals under the age of 80 and four over the age of 80. His selections continued to demonstrate his preference for the peripheries and places not previously represented in the College of Cardinals. Several are the first named cardinals from their countries. Of those who are under the age of 80, only Farrell is a member of the Roman Curia. In choosing Simoni, Francis named his first cardinal who was not a bishop; Simoni, who was one of the appointments over age 80, received a papal dispensation from the requirement of episcopal consecration. The appointments brought the total number of cardinals to 228 and the number of cardinal electors to 121. Zenari is the first active apostolic nuncio made a cardinal in the modern era. Asked a year later at a meeting with Jesuits in Bangladesh why he named a cardinal from "a nation where there is such a small Christian community", Francis said: No. Name Title when named cardinal Country 1. Mario Zenari Apostolic Nuncio to Syria Italy 28 June 2017 On 21 May 2017, Pope Francis announced a consistory for the elevation of five new cardinals on 28 June. He adhered to his established pattern of appointing cardinals from the peripheries, including the first cardinals from El Salvador, Laos, Mali, and Sweden, the last of those also the first cardinal from Scandinavia. All five are under the age of 80. According to the National Catholic Reporter, Gregorio Rosa Chávez is "believed to be the first auxiliary bishop to have been made a cardinal in at least the modern era." It has also been claimed that Rosa is the first parish pastor to be named cardinal in decades. With these new cardinals, the number of cardinal electors reached 121 and the total number of cardinals amounted to 225. No. Name Title when named cardinal Country 1. Jean Zerbo Archbishop of Bamako Mali 28 June 2018 On 20 May 2018, Pope Francis announced a consistory for the elevation of fourteen new cardinals on 29 June, which was later changed to 28 June. The list of new cardinals included 11 young enough to participate in a papal election. Those named were an international group, as is typical of Francis, including prelates from Pakistan, Japan, and Madagascar, countries unrepresented in the College since 1994, 2007, and 2010, respectively. He also named two members of the Roman Curia, an official of the papal household, and another of the Diocese of Rome. Ticona Porco, of Quechuan background, became the first Latin American cardinal of indigenous origin. With this consistory Francis again raised the number of cardinal electors to 125. The number of electors declined to 120 on 27 April 2019. The total number of cardinals reached 226 after the consistory. No. Name Title when named cardinal Country 1. Louis Raphael I Sako Patriarch of Babylon of the Chaldeans Iraq 5 October 2019 On 1 September 2019, Pope Francis announced that he would hold a consistory to create thirteen new cardinals on 5 October, including ten who are young enough to participate in a papal conclave. This brought the number of cardinal electors to 128, eight more than the limit set by Pope Paul VI, but often ignored. The number of cardinal electors returned to 120 on 29 September 2020. The total number of cardinals reached 225 after the consistory. The individuals named represent the international character of the Church, including prelates from Guatemala and Indonesia, as well as those with expertise on the care of migrants and relations with Islam; those from Luxembourg and Morocco were the first cardinals from those countries. Three of those named are Curial officials, including the only new cardinal of this consistory not already a bishop, Czerny, who was consecrated a bishop the day before the consistory. No. Name Title when named cardinal Country 1. Miguel Ángel Ayuso Guixot M.C.C.J. President of the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue Spain 28 November 2020 On 25 October 2020, Pope Francis announced he would create thirteen new cardinals, nine of them young enough to be cardinal electors, at a consistory scheduled for 28 November. The list included the first cardinals from Brunei and Rwanda; the first Conventual Franciscan to become a cardinal in almost 160 years ; the first African American cardinal ; the first Archbishop of Capiz to be made a cardinal; and the first Archbishop of Siena to be made a cardinal since 1801. Feroci, a parish priest, was consecrated a bishop on 15 November. Gambetti's service as custos ended on 12 November. Cantalamessa was granted a dispensation from the requirement that he be consecrated a bishop. No. Name Title when named cardinal Country 1. Mario Grech Secretary General of the Synod of Bishops Malta 27 August 2022 On 29 May 2022, Pope Francis announced he would create twenty-one new cardinals, sixteen of them young enough to be cardinal electors, at a consistory scheduled for 27 August. Among the new electors, there are three Curial officials, natives of South Korea, Spain, and the United Kingdom; only three other Europeans, one of them a missionary in Mongolia; two each from India and Brazil; and others from East Timor, Ghana, Nigeria, Paraguay, Singapore, and the United States. The appointments include the first cardinals from East Timor, Mongolia, Paraguay, and Singapore, the first ordinary of Goa since its erection in the 16th century, the first from India's Dalit caste. and the first from the Amazon region. Two are suffragan bishops, Cantoni and McElroy, whose metropolitan archbishops are not cardinals. Of two not yet bishops, Frezza received his episcopal consecration on 23 July and Ghirlanda received a dispensation from the requirement that all cardinals be bishops. In June, Pope Francis granted the request of one of those he had named, Lucas Van Looy, Bishop emeritus of Ghent, that he not be made a cardinal. Van Looy cited renewed criticism of his handling of charges of sexual abuse by priests when he was Bishop of Ghent. The consistory coincides with a meeting of the entire College of Cardinals previously scheduled for 29–30 August to consider the new apostolic constitution, Praedicate evangelium, which took effect on 5 June. No. Name Title when named cardinal Country 1. Arthur Roche Prefect of the Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments United Kingdom 30 September 2023 On 9 July 2023, Pope Francis announced that he would create twenty-one new cardinals, eighteen of them young enough to be cardinal electors, at a consistory scheduled for 30 September. New electors included the first cardinal from South Sudan, three Curial officials, two papal nuncios, the Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem, both a coadjutor archbishop and an auxiliary bishop, and the superior of the Salesians. Ángel Fernández Artime is the first active head of a religious congregation named a cardinal. As he had once before in 2016, Francis looked to the diplomatic corps of the Holy See, naming two active apostolic nuncios. Francis also named three men over the age of eighty who are unable to vote in a future conclave. Aguiar's appointment while an auxiliary of Lisbon was called "a genuine novelty" and some speculated Francis would move him to the Roman Curia shortly. In the event, Pope Francis named him bishop of Setúbal on 21 September 2023. Those Francis named included the future Pope Leo XIV, Robert Francis Prevost. Luis Pascual Dri and Ángel Fernández Artime were granted dispensations from the requirement that they receive episcopal consecration before becoming cardinals. Artime is the first cardinal elector to receive such a dispensation since Roberto Tucci spent two months as a potential cardinal elector in 2001. The consistory followed Pope Francis's visit to Marseille on 23 September by a week and preceded the opening of the Synod of Bishops on the subject of synodality by four days. No. Name Title when named cardinal Country 1. Robert Francis Prevost O.S.A. Prefect of the Dicastery for Bishops United States 7 December 2024 On 6 October 2024, Pope Francis announced he planned to create 21 cardinals on 8 December, a date that was later changed to 7 December, and their number later reduced to 20, and then returned to 21. Francis said: "Their provenance expresses the universality of the church, which continues to announce the merciful love of God to all men on earth." In a letter to those he named, Francis welcomed them to "the Roman clergy" and counseled them "to love more expansively", pray for discernment, and stay close to realities that "demand from you great compassion and mercy". He offered the title of "servant" in place of "eminence". All but one of those announced were young enough to be cardinal electors, and that one, Acerbi, at the age of 99, is "likely the oldest man ever to be named a cardinal". Only two were Curial officials, and two worked for the Diocese of Rome ; four–after the list was modified on 4 November–were Italians. Eleven were members of religious orders: three Franciscans, two Dominicans, two Divine Word Missionaries, one Redemptorist, one Scalabrinian, and one Vincentian. When their names were announced, nine of the 21 were in Rome participating in the Synod on Synodality. On 22 October 2024, the Holy See Press Office announced that Pope Francis accepted the request of Paskalis Bruno Syukur, Bishop of Bogor in Indonesia, to continue in his current mission and not be made a cardinal. On 4 November Francis added the name of Domenico Battaglia, Archbishop of Naples. Koovakad received his episcopal consecration on 24 November. Baggio's was scheduled for 11 January 2025, while Radcliffe received a dispensation from the requirement. The cardinals appear here in the sequence they were announced. No. Name Title when named cardinal Country 1. Angelo Acerbi Apostolic Nuncio Italy