Carcamano
Carcamano is an ethnic slur used in São Paulo and in the South of Brazil for the Italian immigrants who arrived in Brazil in the late 19th century and in the early 20th century.
This name was slowly spread to other white Brazilian communities like German-Brazilians, Slavic-Brazilians and others. In some regions of Northeastern Brazil, this term is also used for Brazilian Jews and Arab Brazilians.
Folk etymology wrongly advocates that the word carcamano is composed of two separate words. Calca- drawn from the Italian verb calcare, which means "to press down" and -mano meaning "hand". The idea was to refer to the foreigner, probably of Italian origin, of pressing down on the scales when weighing goods in the dry goods or grocery store. It is a way of calling the vendor a cheat.
The real etymological base of the word is disputed. According to the Brazilian filologist Antenor Nascentes the most probable origin is the Spanish-language word carcamán, used in Latin America to denote "decrepit person", a poor foreigner, pretentious person with few merits and Italians - in particular Italians from Liguria -.