COBRA Experiment

The Cadmium Zinc Telluride 0-Neutrino Double-Beta experiment is a large array of Cadmium [Zinc Telluride|cadmium zinc telluride] semiconductors searching for evidence of neutrino-less [double beta decay|neutrinoless double beta decay] and to measure its half-life. COBRA is located underground within the Gran Sasso National Laboratory. The experiment was proposed in 2001, and installation of a large prototype began in 2006.

Set up

COBRA is designed to prove the validity of the CdZnTe detection technique. The initial setup of the experiment, in 2007, was an array of four 1-cm³ CdZnTe semiconductors. This was then upgraded to 64 detectors in a 4×4×4 array. The CdZnTe crystals act as both the detector and source material, as nine of the isotopes in this material are double beta decay candidates. The location of the experiment allows for shielding from external gamma rays; to this end, the detectors are also shielded by 5 cm of radiopure electrolytic copper and 20 cm of low-radioactivity lead. 7 cm of boron-loaded polyethylene shields the experiment against neutrons, and the experiment is constantly flushed with nitrogen gas to prevent contamination with radon.

Results

As of 2016, COBRA had collected about 250 kg days of calibrated exposure. Efforts were focused on reducing the background readings in order to increase the sensitivity of the experiment.