CER-12
CER model 12 was a third-generation digital computer developed by Mihajlo Pupin Institute in 1971 and intended for "business and statistical data processing". However, the manufacturer also stated, at the time, that having in mind its architecture and performance, it can also be used successfully in solving "wide array of scientific and technical issues". Computer CER-12 consisted of multiple modules connected via wire wrap and connectors.
Central Unit
Primary memory- Type: magnetic core memory
- Capacity: up to 8 modules, each consisting of 8 kilowords.
- Speed: cycle time: 1 μs, access time 0.4 μs.
- 32-bit accumulator register
- two separate groups of eight 2-byte index registers
- single-byte adder supporting both binary and BCD addition
Control unit contains a program counter and instruction registers. It fetches instructions and facilitates program flow. It supports single-operand instruction set and works with all 16 index registers of the arithmetic unit.
Interrupt System
Interrupt system of CER-12 consists of a number of dedicated registers and software. It supports up to 32 interrupt channels.
Control Panel
Control panel of CER-12 allowed the operator to control and alter program flow and/or to eliminate errors detected by error-detection circuitry. It features a number of indicators and switches.
Operating system and other software
Following software was shipped with CER-12:- An operating system
- "Symbolic programming language" and assembler
- Input/output subroutines
- A number of test programs
- COBOL and FORTRAN IV compilers
- Linear programming and PERT planning software
- A library of applications and subroutines
Peripherals
- 5-8 track, 500 characters per second punched tape reader PE 1001
- 5-8 track, 150 characters per second tape puncher PE 1501CDC 9432 magnetic disk drive as secondary storage IBM 1735 teleprinterICL 667 line printer
Literature
- Vladislav Paunović: Arithmetic unit of the CER-12 computer, AUTOMATIKA, No 3, pp. 161–165, Zagreb 1971.
- Veselin Potić, Mihael Šavikin, I/O system of the CER-12 computer, AUTOMATIKA, No 3, pp. 166–176, Zagreb 1971.
- V Batanović, J.Kon : IMP Riznica znanja, pp. 5–8, M.Pupin Institute and PKS, Belgrade 2006.
- Dušan Hristović: Development of the Computing Technology in Serbia, PHLOGISTON journal, No 18-19, pp. 89–105, Museum MNT, Belgrade 2010/2011, In Serbian.