ART4
Ecto-ADP-ribosyltransferase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ART4 gene. ART4 has also been designated as CD297.
Function
This gene encodes a protein that contains a mono-ADP-ribosylation motif. It is a member of the ADP-ribosyltransferase gene family but enzymatic activity has not been demonstrated experimentally. Antigens of the Dombrock blood group system are located on the gene product, which is glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored to the erythrocyte membrane. Allelic variants, some of which lead to adverse transfusion reactions, are known.
Several antigens have been recognised in this family. These are DO*A, DO*JO1, DO*A-WL, DO*DOYA, DO*B, DO*B-WL, DO*B-SH-Q149K, DO*B--I175N, DO*HY1, DO*HY2 and DO*DOMR.
Clinical diagnostic
Clinical testing in patient care for Dombrock antigens follows published minimum quality and operational requirements, similar to red cell genotyping for any of the other recognized blood group systems. Molecular analysis can identify gene variants that may affect Dombrock antigens expression on the red cell membrane.