Bru language


Bruu is a Mon–Khmer dialect continuum spoken by the Bru people of mainland Southeast Asia. Sô and Khua are dialects.

Names

There are various local and dialect designations for Bru.
  • So ~ Sô
  • Tri
  • Van Kieu
  • Leu ~ Leung
  • Galler
  • Khua
  • Katang

Distribution

The distribution of the Bru language spreads north and northeast from Salavan, Laos, through Savannakhet, Khammouane, and Bolikhamsai, and over into neighboring Thailand and Vietnam. In Vietnam, Brâu is spoken in Đắk Mế, Bờ Y commune, Đắk Tô District, Kon Tum Province.

Dialects

Thailand has the following Western Bru dialects.
The following Bru subgroups are found in Quảng Bình Province.
Below is a comparative vocabulary of Vân Kiêu, Măng Coong, Tri, and Khùa from Phan, with words transcribed in Vietnamese orthography.

Phonology

Consonants

The consonant sounds in both East and West dialects consist of the following:
  • is typically pronounced as labiodental fricative or approximant when occurring in initial position. In final position, it is always heard as.
  • can be heard as either a trill or a tap.
  • as a consonant cluster, can be phonetically heard as in the Western dialect.
  • can also be heard as a voiced glottal when a preceding a breathy vowel sound in the Western Bru dialects. It can also be heard as nasal when preceding a nasal vowel in the Western dialects.
  • Plosive sounds in final position are heard as unreleased.

Vowels

Breathy vowels

Vowel sounds may also be distinguished using breathy voice:

Nasal vowels

Nasal vowel sounds may occur in the Western Bru dialect: