Bruges dialect

The Bruges dialect is a West Flemish dialect used in Bruges. It is rapidly declining, being replaced with what scholars call general West Flemish.

Phonology

According to, is realized as a voiced uvular trill with little friction. In the neighbouring rural area, an alveolar is used.
However, according to, the vast majority of the speakers in Bruges realize as alveolar, not uvular.
Definitely, the most common realization of is a voiced alveolar tap, which is used about four times more often than the second most common realization, which is a voiced alveolar trill. The other alveolar realizations include: a voiceless alveolar trill, a partially devoiced alveolar trill, a voiceless alveolar fricative tap/trill, a voiceless alveolar/postalveolar fricative , a voiced alveolar/postalveolar fricative and a voiced alveolar approximant.
Among the uvular realizations, he lists a voiced uvular trill, a voiced uvular fricative trill, a voiced uvular fricative and a voiced uvular approximant, among which the uvular fricative trill is the most common realization. He also lists a central vowel and elision of, both of which are very rare.

In comparison with Standard Dutch, the short front vowels underwent a chain shift, so that the standard became. The standard was also lowered to, yet the standard was left untouched.
Among the back vowels, are rounded, whereas are unrounded.
are near-close ; is fully front, whereas is fully back.
are rather weakly rounded.
Phonetically, are mid, whereas are open-mid.
Before, is lowered and retracted to. This feature is typical of working class speech and is nearly extinct.
All of the diphthongs are falling.
used to be pronounced as monophthongs, a realization which is rapidly regaining popularity among younger speakers.
Traditionally, used to have such a close first element that there was practically no distinction between and.
Phonetically, can be either or.