Brouqueyran
Brouqueyran is a commune in the Gironde department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
Geography
Location
The commune of Brouqueyran is located in the Haute-Lande-Girondine, on the Beuve, 56 km southeast of Bordeaux, the capital of the department, 12 km southeast of Langon the capital of the district and 3.5 km southwest of Auros, the former capital of the canton.Neighboring communes
The neighbouring communes are Auros to the north-northeast, Berthez to the east, Lados to the southeast, Bazas to the south, Cazats to the southwest and Coimères to the west-northwest.Urban planning
Typology
As of January 1, 2024, Brouqueyran is categorized as a rural commune with very dispersed housing, according to the new seven-level municipal density grid defined by INSEE in 2022. It is located outside urban units and outside the influence of cities.Land use
Land cover in the municipality, as shown in the European biophysical land cover database Corine Land Cover, is characterized by the significant presence of agricultural land, a decrease compared to 1990. The detailed breakdown in 2018 is as follows: forests, grasslands, heterogeneous agricultural areas, arable land, permanent crops, inland waters. The evolution of land cover in the municipality and its infrastructure can be observed on various cartographic representations of the territory: the Cassini map, the General Staff map, and IGN maps or aerial photographs for the current period.Major risks
The territory of the commune of Brouqueyran is vulnerable to various natural hazards: weather-related events, floods, and earthquakes. A website published by the BRGM allows for a simple and quick assessment of the risks to a property located either by its address or by its plot number.The commune has been recognized as being in a state of natural disaster due to the damage caused by floods and mudslides that occurred in 1982, 1999, 2009, and 2020.
The shrinkage and swelling of clay soils can cause significant damage to buildings in the event of alternating periods of drought and rain. The commune is at medium or high risk. Of the 86 buildings surveyed in the commune in 2019, all 100% are at medium or high risk, compared to 84% at the departmental level and 54% at the national level. A map of the national territory's exposure to clay soil shrinkage and swelling is available on the BRGM website.
Furthermore, to better understand the risk of ground subsidence, the national inventory of underground cavities allows for the identification of those located within the commune.
Regarding landslides, the commune was recognized as being in a state of natural disaster due to damage caused by drought in 2011, 2015 and 2017 and by landslides in 1999.
Etymology
For Dauzat, Brouqueyran comes from a Gallo-Roman name of man, *Broccarius, from the Welsh broccos, "taish", with the suffix -anum. Jacques Astor, quoted by Bénédicte Boyrie-Fénié, also thinks that the name comes from *Broccarius, with another meaning.Bénédicte Boyrie-Fénié, part of testimonies that are once by Brouqueyran, once by Beucoiran, in Moulis-en-Médoc: Becoiran, in 1242-1255, Brouqueyran, in 1261, Bolcayran, dates, Belcorano, undated, Bolqueran / Bolqueyran, undated. The sense of broc and the one of beak, word only medoquin, is first "thorn" and the derivatives of the first designate bartàs, places full of white broc or white broc. By adding the collective suffix Latin -ariu and the locative suffix -anu, Brouqueyran, like Beucoiran and also like Espiet, were, according to B. Boyrie-Fénié, places full of bushes, when they arrived.
History
In 1763, Abbot Expilly described the village as follows:During the French Revolution, the parish of Saint-Pierre de Brouqueyran became the commune of Brouqueyran.