Bridle shiner
The bridle shiner is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, the shiners, daces and minnows. This species has been identified as being of Special Concern by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada.
Distribution
The bridle shiner is found in eastern North America, from eastern Lake Ontario, east to Maine, and south to South Carolina. In Ontario, it is found in lowland areas in the eastern Lake Ontario drainage and the Saint Lawrence River. The most stable population is found around the Thousand Islands.Characteristics
- Small, slender body; somewhat compressed laterally
- Average adult length of
- Snout length usually smaller than eye diameter
- Small, angular, terminal mouth
- Large scales; lateral line incomplete
- Straw-coloured, silvery dorsal side with a green-blue iridescence and silvery-white on ventral side
- Prominent black lateral band from tail to snout
- Males develop minute nuptial tubercles on the head, nape and pectoral fin
Habitat and life history
The bridle shiner is found in quiet areas of streams and occasionally in lakes. It is usually associated with abundant submersed aquatic vegetation and a river bottom composed of silt and sometimes sand. It uses the vegetation for protection, feeding, and spawning. It has been found in moderately turbid water but prefers clear water.Diet
The bridle shiner mainly feeds on zooplankton and aquatic insect larvae such as chironomids. Plant materials make up a small portion of its diet.Threats
Like all members of the minnow family, they can be prey for larger fish species such as northern pike, smallmouth bass, and yellow perch.This species is vulnerable to poor water quality and high turbidity, particularly in agricultural areas. In areas where zebra mussels have invaded, the improved water clarity may benefit this species. The densely growing Eurasian watermilfoil aquatic plant hinders spawning areas for the minnow and may contribute to its decline.