Cadence (cycling)
In cycling, cadence is a measure of rotational speed of the crank, expressed in units of revolutions per minute. In other words, it is the pedalling rate at which a cyclist is turning the pedals. Cadence is directly proportional to wheel speed, but is a distinct measurement and changes with gearing. In other words, the gearing changes the ratio of the crank's rotational speed to that of the drive wheel's rotational speed.
Typical cadence
Cyclists typically have a cadence at which they feel most comfortable, and on bicycles with many gears it is possible to maintain a preferred cadence at a wide range of speeds.- 60–80 r/min is a typical cadence for many recreational and utility cyclists
- According to cadence measurement of seven professional cyclists during three-week races they cycle about 90 r/min during flat and long group stages and individual time trials of ≈50 km. During ≈15 km uphill cycling on high mountain passes they cycle about 70 r/min.
While fast cadence is also referred to as "spinning", slow cadence is referred to as "mashing" or "grinding".
Any particular cyclist has only a narrow range of preferred cadences, often smaller than the general ranges listed above. This in turn influences the number and range of gears which are appropriate for any particular cycling conditions.