Bhoopali


Bhoopali, also known as Bhoop, Bhopali, or Bhupali, is a Hindustani classical raga. Bhupālī, is a raag in Kalyan Thaat. It is a pentatonic scale. Most of the songs in this raga are based on Bhakti rasa. Since it uses 5 notes, belongs to the "Audav jaati" of ragas.
The same raga in Carnatic music is known as Mohanam.
Raga Bhoopali, Raga Yaman, and Raga Bhairav tend to be the three basic ragas of Hindustani music, learned first by its students.

Theory

Karhade explains that raga Bhopali consists of just 5 notes - सा रे ग प ध.
It does not use Ma and Ni. It is said that the absence of Ni and Ma means this raga is about non-attachment.
The Introduction consists of two parts – Aaroh आरोह and Avaroha
Thereafter, with these same five notes, different combinations are made by the singer, similar to short phrases, also called "chalan".

Aroha and avaroha

The scale of Bhopali uses only Shuddh swaras.
  • Aroha : Sa Re Ga Pa Dha Sa'
  • Avaroha : Sa'! Dha Pa Ga Re Sa

    Vadi and samavadi

  • Vadi
Gandhar – ga
Dhaivat – Dha

Alap

  1. S, D1 D1...S, R - - S...D1 S..., D1 - - - P1, S - - - D1 S - - D1 P1, P1 D1, D1 D1 S

    Pakad and chalan

The Pakad is:
S R G R S D1 S R G
or:
S R G R S D1 S R G P G D P G R S
or:
G R P G G R S R D1 S
or:
G R S D1 S R G R P G D P G R S
or:
G R P G S R D1 S
Some chalans are:
  1. S R G R S D1 S R G
  2. S R G R S D1 P1
  3. P1 D1 S R G R G
  4. S R P G
  5. G R S R G P
  6. G P D P D D S’
  7. P G P D P D S’ R’ G’ R’ G’
  8. G’ R’ S’ D P G R S
Note: Normally written swaras indicate the middle octave. A swara immediately followed by 1 indicates the mandra saptak and ' indicates the taar saptak.
A few movements in Bhopali are important to note. There is typically a slide when descending between Sa and Dha, as well as between Pa and Ga. These slides parallel each other and can be used to create a symmetry about how the Swaras are developed. Also, many performers will bring out the Kalyan flavor of Bhopali by using abhasi of the notes Shuddha Ni and Tivra Ma. That is to say, these notes are only vaguely suggested in passing ornaments, not actually sung for long enough for the Swara to become a clear part of the Raga. Some examples would be:
D1 S
PP D P
where the notes in parentheses are connected by slides or sung as meend.

Bandish

This bandish is bound with Teentaal.
1 2 3 4 | 5 6 7 8 | 9 10 11 12 | 13 14 15 16 |
Asthayi:
D S D2 P | G2 R2 S R2 |
G2 _ G2 P | G2 R2 S _ |
S R2 G2 P | R2 G2 P D2 |
G2 P D2 P | G2 R2 S _ |
Antara:
G2 _ G2 G2 |P _ D2 P |
S' _ S' S' |D3 R3 S' _|
G3 G3 R3 S'|R3 R3 S' D3|
S' _ D2 P |G2 R2 S _|
The Asthayi starts with the 9th beat.

Organisation and relationships

Raga Bhoopali belongs to the Kalyan Thaat.
Related ragas: Deshkar. Shuddha Kalyan is another similar raga.

Samay (Time)

First part of night. 7-9

Rasa

Bhakti Rasa
The essence from the raga evokes the Shanti Rasa – peaceful and calming.
The Rasa can also be called Shanta Rasa

Film songs

Bhoopali is a popular raga used in Indian folk songs, and thus in Hindi and other regional film songs.
Hindi:
  • "Jyoti Kalash Chhalake"
  • "Pankh Hote To Ud Aati Re"
  • "Main Jahaan Rahoon"
  • "Dil Hoom Hoom Kare"
  • "Sayonara Sayonara"
  • "Dekha ek khwaab to yeh silsile hue"
  • "Aayat"
  • "Neel Gagan Ki Chaanv men"
Marathi:
  • "Ghanashyama Sundara"
  • "Dehaachi Tijori"
  • "sujana kasā mana corī"
  • "śarayū tīrāvarī ayodhyā"
Kannada:
  • "Malgudi Days Theme Music"
  • "Mohana Muraliya Naada Leelege"
  • "Olave Jeevana Saakshaatkaara"
  • "Bellane Belagayitu"
  • "Aashaadha Maasa Bandeetavva"
  • "Belliya Raja Baaro Kullara Raja Baa"
  • "Utthunga Naadininda Ondu Hudugi "
  • "Nigi Ningee Ningi Ningee"
  • "Hottito Hottitu Kannadada Deepa"
  • "Udayavaagali Namma Cheluva Kannada Naadu"
  • "Bayaside Ninnanu Bhaavada Melake"
  • "Ellaadaru Iru, Entaadaru Iru"
  • "Karunaalu Baa Belake"
  • "Tungaa Teeradi Ninta Suyativara"
  • "Teraa Yeri Ambaradaage"
  • "Tunturu Alli Neera Haadu"
  • "Sarasada Ee Prati Nimisha"
  • "Amara Madhura Prema"
  • "Malli Malli Minchulli"
  • "Nanna Aase Hannaagi Nanna Baala Kannaade"
  • "Innu Hattiraa Hattiraa Baruveya"
  • "Radha Madhava Vinoda Haasa"
  • "Yaava Janmada Maitri"
  • "Kogile O Kogile"
  • "Naliyutaa Hrudaya Haadanu Haadide"
  • "Kogileye Kshemave"
  • "Santasa Araluva Samaya"
  • "Doni Sagali Munde Hogali"
  • "Mudala Maneya Muttina Neerina"
  • "Appaa I Love You Paa"
  • "Jenina Holeyo Haalina Maleyo"
  • "Naavaaduva Nudiye"
  • "Om Karadi Kande"
  • "Neela Megha Gaali Beesi"
  • "Ee Hasiru Siriyali Manavu Mereyali"
  • "Ee Sambhaashane"
  • "Baanallu Neene Bhuviyallu Neene"
  • "Yogi Manege Bandaa"
  • "Mella Mellane Bandane"
  • "Jayatu Jaya Viththala"
  • "O Pandu Ranga Prabho Viththala"
  • "Avatarisu Baa Narayana"
  • "Pillangoviya"

    Tamil movie songs in Mohanam

SongMovieLyricistComposersinger
Malini nadiyilSakunthalaVayalar RamavarmaG DevarajanKJ Yesudas, P Suseela
Manjalayil mungi thorthiKalithozhanP BhaskaranG DevarajanP Jayachandran
Manjani PoonilaavNagarame NandiP BhaskaranK RaghavanS Janaki
Suprabhatham Panitheeratha VeeduVayalar RamavarmaMS ViswanathanP Jayachandran
ChandrikayilaliyunnuBharyamar SookshikkukaSreekumaran ThampiV DakshinamoorthyKJ Yesudas, P Leela, AM Raja
Pournami ChandrikaRest HouseSreekumaran ThampiMK ArjunanKJ Yesudas
MadhuchandrikayudeAnachadanamVayalar RamavarmaG DevarajanP Jayachandran
Swargaputhri NavarathriNizhalattamVayalar RamavarmaG DevarajanKJ Yesudas
Guruvayurambala NadayilOthenante makanVayalar RamavarmaG DevarajanKJ Yesudas
Ezharapponnana purathAkkarappachaVayalar RamavarmaG DevarajanP Madhuri
Nin maniyarayileCID NazirSreekumaran ThampiMK ArjunanP Jayachandran
Arivin NilaveRajashilpiONV KurupRaveendranKS Chithra
Etho nidrathanAyal Katha EzhuthukayanuKaithapramRaveendranKJ Yesudas
Maarikkuliril neela thulasiKouravarKaithapramSP VenkiteshKJ Yesudas, KS Chithra
Chandanalepa SugandhamOru vadakkan veeragathaK JayakumarRavi BombayKJ Yesudas
Aareyum Bhava gayakan aakkumNakhakshathangalONV KurupRavi BombayKJ Yesudas
MaayaponmaneThalayanamanthramKaithapramJohnsonKS Chithra
Manje vaa madhuvidhu velaThusharamYousuf Ali KecheryShyamKJ Yesudas, SP Balasubrahmaniam
Thaara noopuram chaarthiSopanamKaithapramSP VenkiteshKJ Yesudas, Manju Menon
Mouliyil mayilpeeliNandanamGireesh PuthencheryRaveendranKS Chithra
Ponkasavu njoriyumjokerYousuf Ali KecheryMohan SitharaP Jayachandran, KS Chithra
Parvanendu mukhiParinayamYousuf Ali KecheryRavi BombayKS Chithra
KaliveedurangiyalloDeshadanamKaithapramKaithapramKJ Yesudas
Aakasha neelimaKayyum thalayum purathidaruthMullanezhiRaveendranKJ Yesudas
Nee en sarga soundaryameKathodu kathoramONV kuruppOuseppachanKJ Yesudas, Lathika