BL (logic)


In mathematical logic, basic fuzzy logic, the logic of the continuous t-norms, is one of the t-norm [fuzzy logics]. It belongs to the broader class of substructural logics, or logics of residuated lattices; it extends the logic MTL of all left-continuous t-norms.

Syntax

Language

The language of the propositional logic BL consists of countably many propositional variables and the following primitive logical connectives:Implication Strong conjunction . The sign & is a more traditional notation for strong conjunction in the literature on fuzzy logic, while the notation follows the tradition of substructural logics.Bottom ; or are common alternative signs and zero a common alternative name for the propositional constant.
The following are the most common defined logical connectives:Weak conjunction, also called lattice conjunction. Unlike MTL and weaker substructural logics, weak conjunction is definable in BL asNegation, defined asEquivalence, defined as disjunction, also called lattice disjunction, defined asTop, also called one and denoted by or, defined as
Well-formed formulae of BL are defined as usual in propositional logics. In order to save parentheses, it is common to use the following order of precedence:
  • Unary connectives
  • Binary connectives other than implication and equivalence
  • Implication and equivalence

Axioms

A Hilbert-style deduction system for BL has been introduced by Petr Hájek. Its single derivation rule is modus ponens:
The following are its axiom schemata:
The axioms and of the original axiomatic system were shown to be redundant and. All the other axioms were shown to be independent.

Semantics

Like in other propositional t-norm fuzzy logics, algebraic [semantics (mathematical logic)|algebraic semantics] is predominantly used for BL, with three main classes of algebras with respect to which the logic is complete:General semantics, formed of all BL-algebras — that is, all algebras for which the logic is soundLinear semantics, formed of all linear BL-algebras — that is, all BL-algebras whose lattice order is linearStandard semantics, formed of all standard BL-algebras — that is, all BL-algebras whose lattice reduct is the real unit interval with the usual order; they are uniquely determined by the function that interprets strong conjunction, which can be any continuous t-norm.