Mandaue


Mandaue, officially the City of Mandaue, is a highly urbanized city in the Central Visayas region of the Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 364,482 people.
It is geographically located on the central-eastern coastal region of Cebu by Philippine Statistics Authority but administratively independent from the province. Its southeast coast borders Mactan Island where Lapu-Lapu City is located and is connected to the island via two bridges: the Mactan-Mandaue Bridge and Marcelo Fernan Bridge. Mandaue is bounded on the north by the town of Consolacion, to the east by the Camotes Sea, and to the west and south by Cebu City.
It is one of three highly urbanized cities on Cebu island and forms a part of the Cebu Metropolitan area and was part of the sixth district of Cebu joined with the municipalities of Consolacion and Cordova - it was qualified for a lone district since 1991. On April 5, 2019, the city became a lone legislative district. As of June 30, 2022, Mandaue had its first representation in the 19th Congress of the Philippines.

History

A community was established in Mandaue by a flourishing group of Austronesian people. The Venetian chronicler Antonio Pigafetta wrote of a settlement called "Mandaui" which existed in the area with a chieftain named Apanoaan some called him Lambuzzan in other accounts.
Mandaue natives were forced into a town as decreed by the Spanish authorities. This may have started off as a mission village serving as a bulwark for the church in the northern Cebu and was managed by the Jesuit in 1638 then a century later by the Recollects.
The Philippine Revolution of 1898 gave the town a new form of administration in accordance with the organic decree of the Central Revolutionary Government. The short-lived revolution was overthrown by the American troops and a battle nearly destroyed the town in 1901, killing Presidente Benito Ceniza.
Mandaue was a semi-autonomous functioning town. Semi-autonomous as it was still under the jurisdiction of Cebu. Despite having been developed and organized by the Spaniards throughout the ages and its population increasing as the years gone by, the Spaniards did not make an initiative to elevate the town into an independent municipality. It was only after the death of Presidente Ceniza and the establishment of American Rule in Mandaue that the dream of becoming an independent municipality came true. In 1901, Mandaue became an independent municipality.
Mandaue became independent from being an American Commonwealth and a Japanese garrison on July 4, 1946, along with the entire nation.

Cityhood

On August 30, 1969, Mandaue became a chartered city and decades later it was recognized as a highly urbanized city on February 15, 1991. In early-April 2019, Mandaue separated from the sixth district and, since 2022, is represented under its lone district.

Geography

The city has a total area of. According to the 2020 census, the population density is.
The city is the 6th smallest government unit in terms of land area; among the Metro Cebu local government units the city is the second smallest next to the municipality of Cordova in the island of Mactan. The city's land area is only 4.5% of the total land area of Metro Cebu and less than 1% of the total land of the province of Cebu.
The North Reclamation Project, now known as the North Special Administrative Zone, currently has about reclaimed land. Of the 180 hectares, about belong to the city.
It is one of the two local government units located within the mainland Metro Cebu where the elevation of land is less than.
Many of the areas of the city are extremely flat. About 77.37% is within the 0-8% slope category. Barangays belonging to this region are Centro, Looc, South Special Administrative Zone, Cambaro, Opao, Umapad, Paknaan, Alang-alang, Tipolo, Ibabao, Guizo, Subangdaku, Mantuyong, Maguikay and Tabok. The greater portion of the city, comprising about 70%, is dominated by the Mandaue Clay Loam soil series. This is found in the 0-2% and 2-5% slope ranges. Faraon clay loam characterizes the rest of the land with slope range from 5-8% and up to 25-40%.

Climate

Barangays

Mandaue is politically subdivided into 27 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

Demographics

Data showed that the oldest written accounts of Mandaue came from a population of 160 in 1637 to 1638. Mandaue had 10,309 souls according to the. During the first year of its township in 1899, Mandaue had 42 barrios with a population of 21,086. When Mandaue was a second class municipality in 1964 its population was 33,811.
According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 364,482 people. Among all the Philippine's highly urbanized cities, the City of Mandaue posted the highest proportion of household population who reported Roman Catholic as their religious affiliation at 95.2%. Mandaue has a significantly large population at or below the poverty line.

Economy

About 40 percent of Cebu's export companies are found in Mandaue. The city is dubbed as the industrial hub of Region VII and hosts about 10,000 industrial and commercial businesses, making it a "little rich city" in the country.
It is home to some of the world's biggest companies such as San Miguel Corp., Coca-Cola Bottling Corp. Shemberg, the number one exporter of carrageenan, Monde Nissin, Profood International Corp., and 7D Dried Mangoes. The bakery chain Julie's Bakeshop also opened its first branch in the city's Wireless district on January 6, 1981. Mandaue City also accounts for 75 percent of the country's total exports in the furniture sector, making the city the furniture capital of the country. Mandaue City also accounts for 75 percent of the country's total exports in the furniture sector, making the city the furniture capital of the country. One of these furniture companies is Mandaue Foam which started in 1971 and now has 25 factories and showrooms nationwide.

Tourism

Mandaue's point of interests, destinations, and attractions include:
;Natural areas
  • Monkey Caves
  • Cansaga Bay
  • Butuanon River
  • Casili Hills
  • Jagobiao Spring
  • Cabancalan-Banilad Sinkholes
  • Mahiga River
;Historical locations
;Museums
  • 856 G Gallery
  • Luis Cabrera Ancestral House and Museum
  • Mandaue City Public Library
  • Quijano Museum
;Parks
  • City Plaza
  • Bridge Park
  • Ibabao Mandaue Agri-Eco Park
  • Subangdaku Wireless Sports Center
  • Cebu Westown Lagoon
  • WaterWorld Cebu
;Sports
  • Wireless Plaza and Sports Complex
  • Mandaue City Sports and Cultural Complex
  • Mandaue Tennis Complex
  • Portside Badminton Plaza
  • Quick Points Badminton Club
  • San Roque Football Club
  • Sacred Heart–Ateneo de Cebu Sports Complex
  • Cebu Golf Academy
  • Gorilla Booth Camp
;Retail and mixed-use developments
  • Ayala Malls Gatewalk Central
  • Bridges Town Square
  • City Times Square
  • Insular Square Mall
  • Mandani Bay
  • Oakridge Business Park
  • Pacific Mall
  • Parkmall
  • SM J Mall

    Fiestas

Mandaue Fiesta: Celebrated on May 8 in honor of the town patron, Saint Joseph. Activities that are typically held during this feast are the procession, inter-barangay sports competition, Miss Mandaue, rodeos, street festival, bailes, fairs, and many more.
Panagtagbo sa Mandaue: This is Mandaue's current major festival in honor of the Holy Family. This is celebrated every 2nd week of January on the eve of the Traslacion, of one of the significant religious events of the Sinulog Festival which commemorates the union of the Holy Family. In the Translacion, the Santo Niño and the Virgin of Guadalupe come and stay over at the shrine of Saint Joseph in Mandaue for an overnight vigil. This happens on a Friday, and on the early morning of the following Saturday, a fluvial procession is held on Cebu Strait going back to the Basilica. In the festival, there are singing and dancing competitions with a street dancing during the Bibingkahan in honor of Santo Niño. At night, there is a ritual showdown performance which is the highlight of the cultural-religious events.
Kabayo Festival:
The Kabayo festival also known as Governor's Cup is a horse racing and different equestrian sports with the western way of riding event held annually in the second week of February.
Pasigarbo sa Sugbo:
It is a festival showcasing Cebu's culture, faith, history, products, and festivals from each individual town. It is held annually around August 6 which is the Charter day of the Province of Cebu. It was formerly held in Mandaue City at the Cebu International Convention Center, but was transferred to the Cebu City Sports Complex in Cebu City in 2019 due to the abandoned and disrepaired state of the convention center.

Cuisine

Mandaue has many restaurants which cater to gourmets and international cuisines like Italian, Japanese, Indian, Mediterranean, Lebanese, Arabic, Russian, Korean, Mexican, and Western cuisines. A variety of restaurants also serves meals of local cuisine.
Many famous Cebuano meals like the lechon or inasal, eaten with achara or pickled vegetables. The sugba or barbecue of either isda, baboy, manok or baka is found all over Mandaue eaten with puso, a diamond-shaped hanged rice covered in coco leaves. Kinilaw is raw meat usually pork or fish drenched in vinegar and salt. The buwad or dried seafood, either fish or squid, can be pungent with a crunchy and chewy texture. There are some exotic meals that can be found like dinuguan or pig's blood which is eaten like a soup. Barbecued chicken feet are liked by many locals.
Original cuisine in Mandaue includes bibingka which is steamed rice cakes mixed with coconut and sometimes egg. Binangos paired with rice is made of ground up corn with Bolinao fish. This dish is found only in Mandaue; other delicacies includes the tagaktak, the seasonal buriring fish and the famous masareal.