Autostrada A8 (Italy)
The Autostrada A8 or Autostrada dei Laghi is an autostrada long in Italy located in the region of Lombardy connecting Milan to Varese and connecting Milan to Gallarate and Sesto Calende on Lake Maggiore and on Lake Monate. It is a part of the E35 and E62 European routes.
Autostrada A8 is commonly defined, together with the Autostrada A9, as the "Autostrada dei Laghi". The Autostrada A9 connects to the Autostrada A8 at Lainate, near Milan, and it reaches Como, on the Lake Como, and Chiasso, on the Italy–Switzerland border, where it connects to the Swiss road network. Built in 1924, Autostrada dei Laghi is the first motorway built in the world.
On 26 September 2023, the 5th lane in each direction in the Milan-Lainate section was opened to traffic, thus making the A8 the first motorway in Italy with 5 lanes in each direction.
History
The term autostrada was used for the first time in an official document in 1922 in which the engineer Piero Puricelli presented the project for the Autostrada dei Laghi ; with that term, it indicated those roads characterized by a straight path, without obstacles, characterized by a high achievable speed, passable only by motor vehicles aimed at the rapid transport of goods and people.Italy was the first country in the world to build motorways reserved for fast traffic and for motor vehicles only. The Autostrada dei Laghi, the first built in the world, connecting Milan to Lake Como and Lake Maggiore, and now parts of the Autostrada A8 and Autostrada A9, was devised by Piero Puricelli and was inaugurated in 1924. Piero Puricelli, a civil engineer and entrepreneur, received the first authorization to build a public-utility fast road in 1921, and completed the construction between 1924 and 1926. Piero Puricelli decided to cover the expenses by introducing a toll.
It was a futuristic project because there were few cars in circulation in Italy at that time. In 1923 there were a total of 53,000 cars circulating on Italian roads. In 1927 there were 135,900 cars circulating in Italy, corresponding to one vehicle for every 230 inhabitants, while today the ratio is 1 car for every 1.6 inhabitants. The most motorized Italian regions were those of northern Italy and central Italy, with Lombardy at the top of the list with over 38,700 cars in 1923, while at the bottom of the list was Basilicata with 502 cars. Milan was the Italian city in which the most car licences were issued annually, while the Italian region where the fewest licences were issued was Sardinia, with only 632 new licences.
Originally, the motorway was just a single carriageway, it would not be upgraded to a dual carriageway before mid-1960s.