August Wittmann
August Wittmann was a general in the Wehrmacht during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross.
Life and career
August Wittmann was born in Munich on 20 July 1895. He entered the Bavarian Army as a volunteer shortly after the outbreak of World War I in August 1914, joining a Bavarian Field Artillery Regiment. Commissioned lieutenant in 1917, he joined the Freikorps on 22 April 1919, joined the preliminary Reichswehr on 1 July 1919 and left the army on 30 September 1920. He then served with the Bavarian State Police until 1935.In October 1935 Wittmann rejoined the army and was given command of a Gebirgs artillery battalion, rising to lead an artillery regiment three years later. In June 1941, during the battle of Crete, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross for his leadership of a mountain artillery regiment. Becoming a divisional commander from February 1943, he commanded the 390th [Field Training Division (Wehrmacht)|390th Field Training Division] and then the 3rd Mountain Division on the Eastern Front, followed by the 117th Jäger Division and the 1st Mountain Division in the Balkans and Austria. He surrendered with his unit in May 1945.
Wittmann ended the war as a Generalleutnant, after promotion to this rank in April 1944.
Awards and decorations
- Iron Cross, 2nd Class on 6 May 1914
- Military Merit Cross (Bavaria), 3rd Class with Swords on 17 June 1915
- Military Merit Order (Bavaria), 4th Class with Swords on 17 September 1917
- Wound Badge in Black
- DRA German Gymnastics and Sports Badge in Bronze
- Army Mountain Guide Badge, c. 1931
- Honour Cross of [the World War 1914/1918] with Swords in December 1934
- German Olympic Commemorative Medal
- Wehrmacht Long Service Award, 4th to 1st Class
- * 2nd Class on 2 October 1936
- * 1st Class in 1939
- Anschluss Medal
- Repetition Clasp 1939 to the Iron Cross 1914, 2nd Class on 3 October 1939
- Iron Cross, 1st Class on 25 May 1940
- Mentioned in the Wehrmachtbericht of 11 June 1941 as Oberstleutnant and commander of Gebirgs-Artillerie-Regiment 95 during the battle of Crete.
- General Assault Badge on 27 January 1942
- Crete Cuff Title
- Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 21 June 1941 as Oberstleutnant and Commander of the 95th Mountain Artillery Regiment during the Battle of Crete
- German Cross in Gold on 25 August 1944 as Generalleutnant and Commander of the 3 Gebirgs-Division on the Eastern Front