Assimineidae


Assimineidae is a family of small snails, also known as palmleaf snails, with an operculum, gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the superfamily Truncatelloidea. Many of these very small snails live in intermediate habitats, being amphibious between saltwater and land; others live in freshwater.

Distribution

The distribution of the Assimineidae is worldwide. The oldest fossils are known from the Cenomanian aged Burmese amber.

Ecology

Various species in this family occur in estuarine habitats, in salt marshes and in freshwater. Some are terrestrial or amphibious.

Description

The shell is small to medium large, more or less egg-conelike shaped. The apertural margin is simple. The operculum is in most cases horny.
Species in this family are characterized by rudimentary cephalic tentacles, a trunklike snout, a foot with a groove and rudimentary to absent ctenidium.

Taxonomy

The following three subfamilies were recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi :
  • Subfamily Assimineidae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1856 - synonym: Synceratidae Bartsch, 1920
  • Subfamily Ekadantinae Thiele, 1929 - synonyms: Paludinellidae Kobelt, 1878 ; Cyclotropidae Iredale, 1941
  • Subfamily Omphalotropidinae Thiele, 1927 - Realiinae L. Pfeiffer, 1853 ; Adelomorphinae Kobelt, 1906 ; Garrettiinae Kobelt, 1906; Pseudocyclotini Thiele, 1929; Thaanumellinae Clench, 1946; Tutuilanidae Hubendick, 1952

    Genera

Genera in the family Assimineidae include:
Genus † Laternoides W. Yu & Y.-H. Xi, 1977
subfamily Assimineinae
  • Angustassiminea Habe, 1943
  • Assiminea Fleming, 1828 - type genus of Assimineidae, synonym: Assiminia
  • Austropilula Thiele, 1927
  • Aviassiminea Fukuda & Ponder, 2003
  • Conassiminea Fukuda & Ponder, 2006
  • Cryptassiminea Fukuda & Ponder, 2005
  • Euassiminea Heude, 1882
  • Macrassiminea Thiele, 1927
  • Ovassiminea Thiele, 1927
  • Pseudomphala Heude, 1882
  • Sculptassiminea Thiele, 1927
subfamily Ekadantinae
  • Acmella Blanford, 1869
  • Cavernacmella Habe, 1942
  • Cyclotropis Tapparone Canefri, 1883
  • Ekadanta Rao, 1928
  • Metassiminea Thiele, 1927
  • Optediceros Leith, 1853
  • Paludinella Pfeiffer, 1841
  • Rugapedia Fukuda & Ponder, 2004
  • Solenomphala Heude, 1882
  • Taiwanassiminea Kuroda & Habe, 1950
subfamily Omphalotropidinae Thiele, 1927
  • Allepithema Tomlin, 1931
  • Anaglyphula B. Rensch, 1932
  • Atropis Pease, 1871
  • Austroassiminea Solem, Girardi, Slack-Smith & Kendrick, 1982
  • Balambania Crosse, 1891
  • Chalicopoma Möllendorff, 1894
  • Conacmella Thiele, 1925
  • Crossilla Thiele, 1927
  • Cyclomorpha Pease, 1871
  • Ditropisena Iredale, 1933
  • Duritropis Iredale, 1944
  • Electrina Baird, 1850
  • Eussoia Preston, 1912
  • Fijianella C. M. Cooke & Clench, 1943
  • Garrettia Paetel, 1873
  • Kubaryia Clench, 1948
  • Leucostele Thiele, 1927
  • Limborelia Iredale, 1944
  • Nesopoma Clench, 1958
  • Omphalotropis Pfeiffer, 1851 - type genus of the subfamily Omphalotropidinae
  • Opinorelia Iredale, 1944
  • Paludinellassiminea Habe, 1994
  • Ponapella Clench, 1946
  • Pseudassiminea Thiele, 1927
  • Pseudocyclotus Thiele, 1894
  • Pseudogibbula Dautzenberg, 1890
  • Quadrasiella Moellendorff, 1894
  • Rapanella Cooke & Clench, 1943
  • Rupacilla Thiele, 1927
  • Scalinella Pease, 1867
  • Schuettiella Brandt, 1974
  • Setaepoma Clench, 1955
  • Spiratropis Kobelt & Möllendorff, 1900
  • Suterilla Thiele, 1927
  • Sychnotropis Möllendorff, 1898
  • Telmosena Iredale, 1944
  • Thaanumella Clench, 1946
  • Turbacmella Thiele, 1927
  • Tutuilana Hubendick, 1952
  • Wrayanna Clench, 1948
;incertae sedis:
  • Assimineidae incertae sedis vulgaris Webster, 1905
  • Assimineidae incertae sedis turrita
  • Assimineidae incertae sedis turritella
;Synonyms:
  • Adelomorpha Tapparone Canefri, 1886: synonym of Pseudocyclotus Thiele, 1894
  • Adelostoma E. A. Smith, 1885: synonym of Pseudocyclotus Thiele, 1894
  • Assemania Dollfus, 1912: synonym of Assiminea J. Fleming, 1828
  • Assimania: synonym of Assiminea J. Fleming, 1828
  • Assiminella Monterosato, 1906: synonym of Paludinella L. Pfeiffer, 1841
  • Assiminia J. Fleming, 1828: synonym of Assiminea J. Fleming, 1828
  • Diadema Pease, 1868: synonym of Garrettia Paetel, 1873
  • Dramelia Iredale, 1941: synonym of Acmella W. T. Blanford, 1869
  • Heteropoma Möllendorff, 1894: synonym of Allepithema Tomlin, 1931
  • Paludinassiminea Matsubayashi & Habe, 1990: synonym of Solenomphala Heude, 1882
  • Tribe Pseudocyclotini Thiele, 1929: synonym of Omphalotropidinae Thiele, 1927
  • Scalinella Pease, 1868: synonym of Omphalotropis L. Pfeiffer, 1851
  • Stenotropis Kobelt & Möllendorff, 1898: synonym of Omphalotropis Kobelt & Möllendorff, 1898 represented as Omphalotropis L. Pfeiffer, 1851
  • Syncera Gray, 1821