Arthur of the Britons


Arthur of the Britons is a British television show about the historical King Arthur. Produced by the HTV regional franchise, it consisted of two series, released between 1972 and 1973. ITV had already a reputation for entertaining historical TV shows that would display adventure and swordplay, such as The Adventures of the Scarlet Pimpernel, The [Adventures of Robin Hood (TV series)|The Adventures of Robin Hood], The Adventures of Sir Lancelot, Ivanhoe and Sir Francis Drake. Like Richard Lionheart in the TV shows about Robin Hood and Ivanhoe this King Arthur shows greatness by making peace between the two foremost peoples in the England of his era. The looks of King Arthur and his brother-in-arms Kai resemble contemporary rockstars. Arthur of the Britons was broadcast repeatedly on numerous local ITV stations during the 1970s and 1980s.
The theme music was by Elmer Bernstein.

Plot

Set in the Dark Ages a century after the Roman withdrawal from Britain and during the Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain, Arthur is not a glamorous king with an elaborate court; instead, he is just a Celtic leader who installs and maintains a Celtic alliance against the Saxon invaders. He is instructed by his adoptive father Llud and assisted by Kai, a Saxon orphan reared as Arthur's brother. His greatest rival is his cousin, Mark of Cornwall. The Jute chief Yorath and his daughter Rowena are in the beginning allies against the Saxons but finally use their special position to mediate peace negotiations between the Celts and the Saxons. Cerdig, chieftain of the Saxons, is Arthur's principal counterpart who in the episode "The Treaty" even insults him as a man "with many brothers but no father" but learns to respect him in the end.
The series dispenses with the legendary Round Table and popular figures such as Merlin, Guinevere and Lancelot and attaches no significance to magic or superstition. Neither Arthur nor his fellow celts are at any time clad in shining armour. Arthur is once again portrayed as a skilled fighter but especially as a cunning politician who eventually comes to good terms with the Saxons. After he has created the basics for a peaceful coexistence between his folk and the Saxons, he falls in love with a Roman princess called Benedicta who wants to live with him in Rome. But Arthur refuses to leave the land and people he loves, and she leaves along with her escort, though it is hinted that she may return.

Depiction of various elements

A Celtic King Arthur

While some films about him avoid the question of his origin and show him as a man who defends Christian Britain against heathen barbarians out of a sense of integrity, this TV show portrays him as one of the Britons who were already in Great Britain before the Romans, Anglo-Saxons and Normans came, and hence, a Celt defending his homeland.

Depiction of Celts

The Celts are portrayed as a self-sufficient people who make their living through cattle breeding and hunting. They are very capable equestrians, who can kill wild boar from horseback. Besides that, they inhabit villages that are fortified with palisades. That is how they are defined as Celts.

Depiction of Saxons

The Saxons are portrayed as farmers who clear the land for cultivation of grain. They are also experienced in using wood to build ships. Their villages are in the middle of their fields and they are not fortified, since they can recognise approaching enemies earlier than the Celts who live in glades. The Saxons are brave footsoldiers but they are defeated by even a smaller number of Celts if they fight as cavalrymen. So instead of invading Britain they just infiltrate it as clans, fighting with Celtic clans for places that suffice to make a living as farmers.

Culture clash between Celts and Saxons

The Celts and Saxons are defined by their cultures and their conflict derives from their different ways of life. The Celts feel robbed because the Saxons destroy their hunting grounds and the Saxons react to the hostility of the Celts. It is not about Christianity, because on both sides there are Christians as well as adepts of other religions such as Mithraism. Neither is it simply a conflict between good and evil because there are also pacifists on either side.

Arthur's role in the conflict

Arthur seeks to forge an effective Celtic alliance in spite of religious differences, rivalry and sheer animosity among the leaders. He cannot trust in druids, clairvoyants or fairies because they exist in his world no more than in ours. Instead it is all political realism. Still this Arthur is also noble or at least fair. When Saxon children have lost their way they will be brought back to their families by his Saxon friend Kai, when the Saxon lose their cattle because of a disease he will offer him a part of his livestock and when one of his allies takes Saxons as slaves he will talk him out of it. While defending the borders of the remaining Celtic area he prepares from a position of strength a peaceful coexistence. The TV series is composed accordingly, alternating episodes about sustaining the alliance with episodes that show Celtic-Saxon harmonisation. Once Arthur has accomplished his political goals and provided the grounds for peace, he indulges himself to the pursuit of personal happiness.

An atypically hopeful ending

Many iterations of Arthurian legend end with Arthur's death or severe wounding by Mordred's hand at the Battle of Camlann. In Arthur of the Britons however, Arthur does not die, nor does he have to be taken to Avalon for healing. In the penultimate episode, under threat of attack by the Scots, Arthur comes close to securing a treaty between himself, Cerdig and Yorath the Jute, but a carelessly placed target board results in a death, and old hostilities quickly re-surface. Arthur and his men return home, disappointed but still hopeful that one day, there will be a lasting peace.

Cast

Episodes

Series 1 (1972–1973)

  • Arthur is Dead
  • The Gift of Life
  • The Challenge
  • The Penitent Invader
  • People of the Plough
  • The Duel
  • The Pupil
  • Rolf the Preacher
  • Enemies and Lovers
  • The Slaves
  • The Wood People
  • The Prize

Series 2 (1973)

  • The Swordsman
  • Rowena
  • The Prisoner
  • Some Saxon Women
  • Go Warily
  • The Marriage Feast
  • In Common Cause
  • Six Measures of Silver
  • Daughter of the King
  • The Games
  • The Treaty
  • The Girl from Rome

Feature film and home media

In 1975, the series was edited into a 90-minute feature film, King Arthur, the Young Warlord. The complete series was released on DVD in 2008, by Network. While the movie is available in the US and the UK, the series is only available in the UK.

Syndication outside UK

Arthur of the Britons was aired in Brazil as Rei Artur, simultaneously to its original release in the UK. In France, it was Le Roi des Celtes, and in Germany, König Arthur. It was never aired in the United States.