Arndale Centre
Arndale Centres were the first "American style" malls to be built in the United Kingdom. In total, Arndale Property Trust built 23 Arndale Centres in the United Kingdom, and three in Australia. The first opened in Jarrow, County Durham, in 1961, as a pedestrianised shopping area.
History
In 1950, Arnold Hagenbach, a baker with a talent for property investment, and Sam Chippendale, an estate agent from Otley, set up a company called the Arndale Property Trust, the name being a portmanteau of "Arnold" and "Chippendale".Prior to developing a string of large shopping centres, Arndale initially started to build new stretches of high streets as canopied shopping parades in a variety of small towns across the North of England as well as suburban centres. These early developments introduced large format shop units to post-war town centres in need of regeneration that suited the growth of growing businesses such as Woolworths and Marks and Spencer. Developments were often in conjunction with local councils to deliver new infrastructure such as roads or markets.
The trust purchased Bradford's Victorian Swan Arcade in 1954, with the intention of demolishing it and developing a new shopping centre, but it took eight years before leases expired and building work could commence, so in the meantime it developed a site in Jarrow, County Durham, which became the first Arndale Centre when it opened in 1961. Its trademark Viking statue, built by the Trust, was unveiled on 17 February 1962.
Arndale's first office was in Wakefield, West Yorkshire and moved to offices in Bradford in 1964 in the then-new Arndale House
When the Wandsworth Arndale opened in 1971, it was the largest indoor shopping space in Europe.
The largest Arndale Centre built was Manchester Arndale. It was redeveloped from 1996, after being badly damaged in an 1996 [Manchester City Centre bombing|IRA bombing], and the centre has been owned by Prudential since December 1998.
Criticism
Arndale Centres attracted criticism on aesthetic grounds as they replaced old buildings – often of the Victorian period – with modern concrete constructions, often in a brutalist style.The value of the Wandsworth Arndale was maximised by the high rise tower blocks built on top of the mall, which helped it to become, according to some commentators, "one of London’s great architectural disasters".
List of Arndale Centres
United Kingdom
- Aberdeen – now known as Mastrick Shopping Centre
- Accrington, Arndale House – built in 1961 on Broadway; Arndale Centre opened October 1987
- Blackburn Arndale House – demolished in 2008 for the extension of The Mall Blackburn
- Bolton – now known as Crompton Place Shopping Centre
- Bradford – now known as Kirkgate Shopping Centre, to be demolished
- Dartford – now known as Priory Shopping Centre
- Doncaster – now known as Frenchgate Shopping Centre
- Drumchapel - built in two phases 1st from 1962-64 second phase 1971
- Eastbourne – now known as The Beacon
- Jarrow – now known as the Viking Centre
- Keighley – now known as the Airedale Centre
- Leeds, Armley – shopping precinct no longer carries a name; shop addresses usually referred to as Town Street
- Leeds, Cross Gates – now known as Crossgates Shopping Centre
- Leeds, Headingley – now known as Headingley Central
- Liverpool – Arndale House on Pembroke Road
- Longbenton – on West Farm Avenue, Newcastle upon Tyne. Built in 1962 and demolished in 2004
- Luton – purchased in 2006 by The Mall Company, and currently known as The Mall Luton but is to be renamed 'Luton Point' by Frasers Group, the new owners of the centre.
- Manchester – the largest of the Arndale Centres
- Middleton – now known as Middleton Shopping Centre
- Morecambe – on Market Street
- Nelson – now known as the Pendle Rise Shopping Centre, previously Admiral Shopping Centre
- Nottingham – known as the Broadmarsh Centre, now demolished
- Poole – now known as the Dolphin Shopping Centre
- Shipley – on Market Street
- Sunderland – on High Street West
- Stretford – now known as Stretford Mall
- Wandsworth – now known as Southside
- Wellingborough – now known as Swansgate Shopping Centre
Australia
- Armada Arndale, Adelaide
- Westfield Marion – previously known as Marion Arndale, now Westfield Marion
- Frenchs Forest – now known as Forestway Shopping Centre
- Springwood, Queensland – on Cinderella Drive