Arabic lexicology and lexicography

Arabic lexicology and lexicography is that field in Arabic [language studies] which examines Arabic lexicon, Arabic word-formation, the evolution of vocabulary and the composition of Arabic dictionaries.
As worded by John A. Haywood,
In the words of Tilman Seindensticker, "within Classical Arabic literature, lexicographical writings form an extensive and multifaceted branch, having produced remarkable results in the period from the late 2nd/8th century to the 12th/18th century and flourishing particularly in the 4th/10th century".
Different systems of arrangement have been used historically. Quoting Haywoods,
In discussing "the contribution of the Muḥīṭ al-Muḥīṭ dictionary written by Buṭrus al-Bustānī, one of the leading figures of the Nahḍa, to the development of modern Arabic lexicography", Fruma Zachs and Yehudit Dror have written: